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A High Fat Diet Induces Decreased Levels of Colonic Tight Junctions and Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in Sprague Dawley Rats
Author(s) -
SambolinEscobales Lubriel,
Nazario Madeline,
TorresAguiar Roberto,
Cruz Myrella L,
Yamamura Yasuhiro,
Appleyard Caroline B,
Chompre Gladys
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.lb698
Subject(s) - occludin , tight junction , lipopolysaccharide , medicine , endocrinology , intestinal permeability , tumor necrosis factor alpha , receptor , inflammation , chemistry , claudin , nefa , chemokine , cytokine , biology , biochemistry , insulin
High fat diet consumption is associated with a variety of metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases among others. Also, an intake of high fat is associated with inflammation of the intestinal epithelial barrier, and characterized by increased intestinal permeability. This increased permeability is characterized by the loss of tight junctions due to decreased expression of claudin‐5 and occludin. Our preliminary data found increased colonic macroscopic damage and a trend towards increased microscopic damage in rats fed a High Fat Diet (HFD) compared with a Low Fat Diet (LFD). In addition, metagenomic analysis from HFD feces demonstrated increased bacteriodes with higher serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the HFD group, however it is still unclear if tight junction expression is altered. HYPOTHESIS High fat diet will cause a lower expression of tight junction proteins, which increases membrane permeability allowing the entrance of LPS contributing to intestinal inflammation. METHOD We purified colon RNA samples from rats fed with LFD (n=14) or HFD (n=14) for 30 days. Amplification of mRNA levels of chemokine ligand (CCL2), interleukin1β (IL‐1β), tumor necrosis factor receptor alpha (TNF‐α receptor), claudin‐5 and occludin were measured to determine their total expression. RESULTS We found a decreased expression of both claudin‐5 and occludin in the HFD rats compared with the LFD (p<0.05) suggesting damage in the epithelial membrane as expected. On the other hand, there was a trend towards lower levels of CCL2 (p=0.08), IL‐1β (p=0.06), and TNF‐α receptor (p=0.05) in the HFD compared with the LFD. In conclusion, colon is constantly exposed to bacterial components such as LPS, without triggering pro‐inflammatory immune responses suggesting an alternate molecular mechanism of evasion. CONCLUSIONS This study helps to understand the consequences in the colon following consumption of a high fat diet. Support or Funding Information PUCPR seed grant G12RR003050/G12MD007579, P20 GM103475‐14