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Palmitoyl‐carnitine production by blood cells is associated with plasma palmitate oxidation in women
Author(s) -
Chondronikola Maria,
Asghar Rabia,
Zhang Xiaojun,
Dillon Edgar L,
Durham William J,
Wu Zhanpin,
Porter Craig,
CamachoHughes Maria,
Zhao Yingxin,
Brasier Allan R,
Volpi Elena,
SheffieldMoore Melinda,
Abate Nicola,
Sidossis Labros,
Tuvdendorj Demidmaa
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.lb657
Subject(s) - hyperinsulinemia , medicine , endocrinology , basal (medicine) , insulin resistance , chemistry , glucose clamp technique , carnitine , metabolism , insulin , pancreatic hormone
Circulating acyl‐carnitines (acyl‐CNTs) are associated with insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in both rodents and humans. However, the mechanisms whereby circulating acyl‐CNTs are increased in these conditions and its implications for whole‐body metabolism have not been determined. Here we aimed to determine if blood cells contribute in production of circulating acyl‐CNTs and whether such production is correlated with whole‐body fatty acid fluxes. Methods and Results Eight non‐diabetic healthy women (Age: 47±19 y; BMI: 26±1 kg•m −2 ) underwent stable isotope tracer infusion and hyperinsulinemic‐euglycemic clamp study to determine in vivo whole‐body fatty acid kinetics and insulin sensitivity. At baseline (0 min) and after 3 h of hyperinsulinemic‐euglycemic clamp, blood samples were collected for measurement of in vitro synthesis rates of palmitoyl‐carnitine (palmitoyl‐CNT). The fractional synthesis rate of palmitoyl‐CNT was significantly higher during hyperinsulinemia (0.788±0.084 vs. 0.318±0.012 %•hr −1 , p =0.001); however, the absolute synthesis rate did not differ between the periods ( p =0.809) due to decreased (~30%) palmitoyl‐CNT concentration ( p =0.189) during hyperinsulinemia. Regression analyses demonstrated that the absolute synthesis of palmitoyl‐CNT significantly correlated with the concentration of acyl‐CNTs in basal ( r =0.992, p <0.001) and insulin ( r =0.919, p =0.001) periods; and the basal absolute synthesis significantly correlated with plasma palmitate oxidation rate ( r =0.764, p =0.027). Conclusion In women, blood cells contribute to plasma acyl‐CNT levels and basal whole‐body plasma palmitate oxidation is associated with acyl‐CNT production. Future studies investigating the role of blood cells in acyl‐CNT and lipid metabolism under different physiological (i.e., hyperlipidemia) and pathological (i.e., IR and T2D) conditions are warranted. Support or Funding Information Claude D. Pepper OAIC grant (# P30‐AG024832), the Institute for Translational Sciences at the UTMB, supported in part by a Clinical and Translational Science Award (#UL1 TR001439) from the NCATS/NIH, and the Shriners Grant #84090, Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children.