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1 H NMR‐Based Metabolomics Reveals Urinary Metabolome Modifications in Female Sprague‐Dawley Rats by Cranberry Procyanidins
Author(s) -
Liu Haiyan,
Tayyari Fariba,
Su Zhihua,
Gu Liwei
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.908.2
Subject(s) - hippuric acid , metabolome , chemistry , urine , metabolomics , urinary system , chromatography , citric acid , biochemistry , medicine
A 1 H NMR global metabolomics approach was used to investigate the urinary metabolome changes in female rats gavaged with partially purified cranberry procyanidins (PPCP) or partially purified apple procyanidins (PPAP). After collecting 24‐hour baseline urine, 24 female Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly separated into two groups and gavaged with PPCP or PPAP twice using a 250 mg extracts/kg body weight dose. The 24‐hour urine samples were collected after the gavage. Urine samples were analyzed using 1 H NMR. Multivariate analyses showed that the urinary metabolome in rats were modified after administering PPCP or PPAP compared to baseline urine metabolic profiles. 2D 1 H‐ 13 C HSQC NMR experiments were conducted to assist identification of metabolites. An increase of hippuric acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, and a decrease of citric acid and α‐ketoglutaric acid were observed in rat urine after administering PPCP. Urinary level of α‐D‐glucose, D‐maltose, 3‐(3′‐hydroxyphenyl)‐3‐hydroxypropanoic acid, p ‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid and phenol increased but citric acid, α‐ketoglutaric acid and creatinine decreased in rat urine after administering PPAP. Furthermore, the NMR analysis showed metabolome in the urine of rats administered PPCP differed from those gavaged with PPAP. Compared with PPAP, PPCP caused a greater urinary increase of hippuric acid and a decrease in 3‐(3′‐hydroxyphenyl)‐3‐hydroxypropanoic acid, p ‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and phenol. These metabolome changes caused by cranberry procyanidins may help to explain its health benefits against urinary tract infections and identify biomarkers of cranberry procyanidin intake.