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Higher Cell Growth/Viability Accompanied by Reduced Myosin Heavy Chain Expression in Skeletal Muscle Cells Derived from Severely Obese Type 2 Diabetic Humans
Author(s) -
Turner Kristen D,
Zou Kai,
Hinkley Matthew,
Park Sanghee,
Zheng Donghai,
Houmard Joseph
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.770.5
Subject(s) - skeletal muscle , myogenesis , myosin , medicine , myocyte , endocrinology , viability assay , biology , cell , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry
Skeletal muscle metabolism is markedly impaired in a state of severe obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m 2 ) and oftentimes worsened with Type 2 Diabetes. Such impairments have been demonstrated through our previous findings in vitro , in which both glycolytic and oxidative metabolism are reduced in skeletal muscle from severely obese (SO) as well as severely obese type 2 diabetic individuals (T2D). These data suggest that such metabolic differences observed may be intrinsic to skeletal muscle. However, we have not yet provided empirical evidence to show whether these differences could be due to other physical properties associated with these muscle cells (i.e., viability, morphology, muscle cell machinery). Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the growth/viability of human skeletal muscle cells (HSkMCs) derived from SO and T2D individuals in comparison to lean individuals. This study also determined whether mature myotubes exhibited differences in myosin heavy chain (MYHC) expression among groups. We hypothesized that skeletal muscle cells derived from T2D donors would exhibit lower cell viability and MYHC expression in comparison to their lean and SO counterparts. Interestingly, colorimetric metabolic activity assays revealed myoblast cell viability to be significantly higher in myoblasts derived from T2D donors at 24, 48 and 72 hours post‐plating. However, immunocytochemical staining of MYHC (performed on days 6–7 of differentiation) illustrate considerably less MYHC expression in mature myotubes derived from T2D donors. These findings demonstrate that severely obese type 2 diabetic individuals exhibit critical defects in both structural and functional properties of skeletal muscle that are retained at the cellular level, and that such differences may not always be apparent with severe obesity alone. Support or Funding Information This study was supported by the National Institute of Health (DK 56112)