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Anti‐inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Flavonoid‐Rich Fraction of Bergamot Juice (BJe) in a Mouse Model of Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Author(s) -
Impellizzeri Daniela,
Cordaro Marika,
Campolo Michela,
Esposito Emanuela,
Cuzzocrea Salvatore,
Navarra Michele
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.720.5
Subject(s) - myeloperoxidase , proinflammatory cytokine , malondialdehyde , pharmacology , chemistry , cell adhesion molecule , oxidative stress , superior mesenteric artery , reperfusion injury , antioxidant , tumor necrosis factor alpha , nitric oxide , inflammation , biochemistry , immunology , ischemia , medicine , organic chemistry
The flavonoid fraction of bergamot juice (BJe) has demonstrated radical‐scavenging and anti‐inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BJe on the modulation of the ileum inflammation caused by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This was induced in mice by clamping the superior mesenteric artery and the celiac trunk for 30 min, followed by release of the clamp, allowing reperfusion for 1 h. After 1 h of reperfusion, animals were killed for histological examination of the ileum tissue, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor TNF‐α and interleukin IL‐1β) and adhesion molecules (intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ICAM‐1 and P‐selectin); for biochemical assays such as myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Moreover, by Western blot analysis, we also investigated the expression of nuclear factor NF‐κB, IκB‐α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the expression of antioxidant such as MnSOD. The results obtained from histological and molecular examinations showed that BJe was able to reduce histological damage, cytokines production, adhesion molecules expression, neutrophil infiltration and oxidative stress. In addition, NF‐κB and MAP kinases pathways were also modulated by BJe treatment. In conclusion, in this study we demonstrated that BJe could represent a possible treatment against secondary events of intestinal I/R injury.