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Identification of Novel Probiotics to Modify Appetite and Satiety Directly Targeting the Ghrelin Receptor
Author(s) -
Fuentes Cristine Torres,
Schellekens Harriët,
Hoevenaars Naomi,
Ross Paul,
Roy Bernard,
Stanton Catherine,
Dinan Timothy G.,
Cryan John F.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.717.2
Subject(s) - ghrelin , orexigenic , receptor , biology , probiotic , enteroendocrine cell , gut flora , appetite , endocrinology , hormone , endocrine system , bacteria , biochemistry , neuropeptide , neuropeptide y receptor , genetics
Ghrelin is a stomach‐derived peptide that acts as orexigenic hormone in the hypothalamus stimulating food intake through the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS‐R1a). Dysregulated ghrelin signalling may contribute to the development of metabolic disorders such as obesity. Current pharmacologic anti‐obesity treatments lack efficacy and have shown severe side effects, highlighting the urgent need for novel strategies contributing to the maintenance of a healthy weight. Natural products are receiving special consideration as sources of bioactives with beneficial health effects which may be safer for consumers than synthetic therapeutics. One of the most investigated natural bioactives are live microorganisms with health benefit effects, also known as probiotics. Thus, food products containing probiotics are receiving increased scientific and commercial focus in recent years. These probiotic‐mediated beneficial effects on human health are due to changes in the gut microbiota via oral delivery of viable strains of bacteria that are then integrated into the gut system. Gut microbiota ferment nutrients and secrete bioactive compounds inducing several responses within the intestinal mucosa and controlling the gut's barrier and endocrine functions. In this study we investigate the ability of different probiotic bacteria to modulate the GHS‐R1a receptor. Bacteria were cultured overnight under anaerobic conditions at 37°C. Culture supernatants were collected by centrifugation, resuspended in 1× Hanks balanced salt solution containing 20mM HEPES, and incubated in anaerobiosis for 4 h. Afterwards, supernatants were used to investigate the probiotics ghrelin receptor activation potential by calcium mobilization and receptor internalization assays in human embryonic kidney cells (Hek) stably expressing the GHS‐R1a receptor. Different Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains with ability to modulate the ghrelin receptor have been identified. Future investigations, including identification of the bioactives present in the probiotic supernatants as well as in vivo studies supporting these findings, are needed in order to confirm their potential as anti‐obesity therapeutics. Support or Funding Information Work funded by CREMO SA