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Nutritional Polyphenol Metabolites’ Kinetics in Plasma, Urine, and Saliva Following Consumption by Normal, Healthy, Subjects
Author(s) -
Choy Ying Yng,
Hester Shelly N.,
Mastaloudis Angela,
Wood Steve M.,
Gray Russell,
O'Donnell Robert P.,
Barger Jamie L.,
QuiferRada Paola,
LamuelaRaventós Rosa M.,
Waterhouse Andrew L.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.690.2
Subject(s) - hippuric acid , naringenin , urine , chemistry , saliva , polyphenol , metabolite , glucuronide , resveratrol , quercetin , hesperetin , food science , pharmacology , chromatography , biochemistry , flavonoid , medicine , antioxidant
Several studies point to the health benefits of dietary polyphenols yet limited data can be found on the metabolites found in plasma and urine and negligible on saliva from supplemented polyphenol ingredients. Therefore this study was completed to obtain a better understanding of the kinetics of polyphenol ingredients in three fluids (plasma, urine, and saliva). A novel, dietary nutritional supplement containing several polyphenols including resveratrol, quercetin, anthocyanins, heperitin, naringin, d‐limonene combined with fish oil, vitamins, and carotenoids was studied. Healthy subjects (n=6 males and n=6 females) were fed three different acute doses in this cross‐over design, one treatment at a time, with at least a one week washout interval. Blood plasma, saliva and urine samples were collected for metabolite analysis at baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 (only plasma and saliva), 8, and 24 hours post intake. Blood was also collected in PAXgene tubes at baseline, 8, and 24 hours post intake for gene expression analysis. Metabolites analyzed included 3‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 4‐hydroxyhippuric acid, hippuric acid, hesperetin, naringenin, naringenin 7‐ O ‐glucuronide, protocatechuic acid, quercetin, quercetin 3‐ O ‐glucuronide, resveratrol 3‐ O ‐glucuronide, resveratrol 4‐ O ‐glucuronide, trans‐resveratrol, and cis‐resveratrol. Most of the metabolites that were analyzed peaked at 2 and 8 hours and returned to baseline by 24 hours in plasma, urine, and saliva. A dose response was not observed for all metabolites in plasma, urine, and saliva. Female and male kinetics of many of the polyphenols and metabolites appears to be different. This data is important in further understanding the levels of these polyphenols and their metabolites, so that tissue exposure can begin to be assessed. Support or Funding Information Supported by Nu Skin Enterprises, Provo, Utah