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The Trend of Korean Staple Food Intake and Prevalence of Obesity in Korean Adults: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 1998–2012
Author(s) -
Kim SeongAh,
Ha Kyungho,
Kim Jiyoon,
Paik Hee Young,
Joung Hyojee
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.667.8
Subject(s) - national health and nutrition examination survey , medicine , obesity , staple food , anthropometry , environmental health , food science , population , geography , biology , agriculture , archaeology
Over the past several decades, South Korea's rapid socioeconomic growth resulted in lifestyle changes, such as diet that has led to an increase in obesity rates. This study was performed to identify the longitudinal trend of staple food intake and prevalence of obesity in Korean adults using the dietary survey data from Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (KNHANES) 1998–2012. We used a 24‐hr dietary recall and anthropometric data from 54,042 people aged over 20 who participated in KNHANES 1998, 2001, 2005, 2007–2009, and 2010–2012. The 16 kinds of cooked rice were selected from the previous research as main Korean traditional staple dishes and foods. During the period 1998–2012, the average intake from grains and cooked rice decreased in both gender: for grains and cooked rice, from 1343.7, 1056.4 kcal to 1265.9, 936.6 kcal in men (p < 0.0001); and, 1122.8, 843.8 kcal to 1004.1, 699.6 kcal in women (p < 0.0001), respectively. Also the proportion of the total energy intake from grain and cooked rice decreased in both gender: for grains and cooked rice, from 63.5, 51.1% to 57.5, 44.0% in men (p < 0.0001); and, 66.2, 51.8% to 61.3, 43.9% in women (p < 0.0001). Among the cooked rices, cooked white rice (ssalbap) was the most contributing dish to the total energy intake, followed by rice with assorted grains (japgokbap). The caloric intake from cooked white rice was decreased from 587.9 kcal/day in 1998 to 244.2 kcal/day in 2012, but the caloric intake from rice with assorted grains intake increased gradually from 145.2 kcal/day in 1998 to 309.5 kcal/day in 2012. The average body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of obesity (BMI≥25kg/m 2 ) increased markedly in men and slightly in women during this period. Obese men and women showed a different pattern in energy intake from grains and rice; a higher proportion of total energy consumption from grains and rice was shown in obese men (p < 0.0001) while a lower proportion was found in obese women (p < 0.0001). These results showed distinct consumption trends of Korean traditional staple dishes, depending on the obesity status and gender. Our findings are waiting for further research to examine the association between intake of staple food and the prevalence of obesity or other chronic diseases. Support or Funding Information This work is carried out with the support of ‘Research Program for Agricultural Science and Technology Development’, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea (Project No. PJ011637022015).