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Pentachlorophenol and Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane Alter Secretion of Interleukin 1 &[Beta]eta (IL‐1β) from Human Immune Cells
Author(s) -
Martin Tamara J,
Whalen Margaret
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.651.3
Subject(s) - immune system , pentachlorophenol , secretion , cytokine , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , monocyte , chemistry , interleukin , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , endocrinology , in vitro , biochemistry , environmental chemistry
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) are environmental contaminants found in human blood. PCP has been used in fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, and antifouling paint. 4, 4′‐Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4, 4′‐DDT), has been banned in the U.S. however, it is still used in other countries as a pesticide to kill insects. A number of cancers are associated with exposures to these contaminants. Previous studies in our lab show that PCP and DDT inhibit the lytic function of highly enriched human natural killer (NK) lymphocytes and decrease the expression of several surface proteins on NK cells. Interleukin 1‐βeta (IL‐1β) is a cytokine produced by lymphocytes and monocytes. It is involved in stimulating cell proliferation, tissue repair, and present during the inflammatory response to injury. An increase or decrease in the level of Il‐1β may lead to immune dysfunction and increased potential for tumor development and invasiveness. The objective of this study was to examine if exposure of human immune cells to different concentrations of PCP and DDT alters the secretion of IL‐1β. Immune cells included Peripheral Blood mononuclear cells (PBMCS), monocyte‐depleted (MD) PBMCs, and enriched NK cells. Cells were exposed to concentrations of PCP ranging from 5 μM to 0.05 μM and DDT concentrations of 2.5 μM to 0.025 μM for 24 h, 48 h and 6 days. Secreted IL1‐β levels were measured using ELISA (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay). Results showed that PCP and DDT induced alterations in IL‐1β secretion from each of the human immune cell preparations. NK cells, MD‐PBMCs and PBMCs all showed increased secretion of IL‐1β after at least one length of exposure to at least one concentration of PCP. The concentrations and lengths of exposure at which these increases occurred varied among the donors. With DDT, all donors showed an increase in IL‐1β secretion after exposure to at least one concentration of DDT in all types of cell preparations. These results suggest that PCP or DDT‐induced alterations in IL‐1β secretion may have the potential to cause immune system dysregulation. Support or Funding Information Supported by NIH grant 5U54CA163066