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Maternal Obesity, 25(OH)D Concentration and Bone Mineral Density in Breastfeeding Dyads
Author(s) -
Sen Sarbattama,
PenfieldCyr Annie,
Lu Zhigang,
Ebeling Myla,
Hollis Bruce,
Howard Cindy,
Wagner Carol
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.45.5
Subject(s) - medicine , breastfeeding , vitamin d and neurology , bone mineral , overweight , body mass index , vitamin d deficiency , obesity , endocrinology , obstetrics , pediatrics , osteoporosis
Background Previous studies have shown inverse relationships between Body Mass Index (BMI) and serum levels of vitamin D. Among other sequelae, vitamin D deficiency is related to bone health risks including rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. The impact of maternal BMI on vitamin D levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in breastfeeding mother‐infant dyads has not been studied. Objective To examine the association between maternal BMI and vitamin 25(OH)D concentration and BMD in exclusively breastfeeding mother‐infant pairs. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of a cohort of 278 breastfeeding mother‐infant dyads who were recruited in the first month post‐partum. Using ANOVA and linear regression, we examined associations between maternal BMI continuously and categorically (Lean (L), BMI 18.5–25kg/m 2 ; overweight (Ow), BMI 25–30kg/m 2 ; and Obese (Ob), BMI≥30kg/m 2 ) with four outcomes: Maternal and infant 25(OH)D concentration, maternal and infant BMD using DXA. Results Mean maternal BMI was 28.5 kg/m 2 . Maternal BMI negatively associated with maternal serum concentration of 25(OH)D (β=−0.29 nmol/L decreased in 25(OH)D concentration for each increase in BMI point, p<0.0001), with Ob mothers having significantly lower mean levels than L or Ow (mean±SD nmol/L: L: 38.4±14.6, Ow: 34.2±14.3, Ob: 29.4±9.9; p<0.05 for Ob vs. L and Ob vs. Ow). Despite lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations, Ob women had higher BMD than either L or Ow women (L: 0.97±0.14g/cm 3 , Ow 1.01±0.11g/cm 3 , Ob 1.05±0.11g/cm 3 ; p<0.05 for Ob vs. L and Ob vs. Ow). There was no association between maternal BMI and infant serum 25(OH)D concentration or infant BMD (p=0.5 and 0.98 respectively). Conclusions Maternal obesity was associated with lower serum 25(OH)D concentration in breastfeeding women, but not infant serum 25(OH)D concentration or infant BMD. There seems to be a protective effect of obesity on maternal bone mineralization at this early time point in lactation. The effect of prolonged 25(OH)D deficit throughout lactation on maternal and infant bone mineralization is currently being analyzed. Support or Funding Information Funded in part by National Institutes of Health (NIH) 5R01HD043921, NIH RR01070, Medical University of South Carolina Department of Pediatrics, and by the South Carolina Clinical & Translational Research (SCTR) Institute, with an academic home at the Medical University of South Carolina, NIH/National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences grant UL1 TR000062, and a K23 grant from the NIH (ref. no. K23HD074648).