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Socioeconomic Disparities in Dietary Intake and Food Purchasing of Foods and Beverages of Varying Healthfulness in Mexico
Author(s) -
LopezOlmedo Nancy,
Taillie Lindsey P Smith,
Popkin Barry M
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.429.8
Subject(s) - socioeconomic status , per capita , calorie , environmental health , purchasing , medicine , national health and nutrition examination survey , food science , demography , geography , business , population , marketing , biology , endocrinology , sociology
The aim of this study was to compare the energy intake and purchasing of healthy and less healthy foods and beverages by socioeconomic status in a nationally representative sample of Mexicans. A 24‐hour recall from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) 2012 is compared with a representative sample of Food Purchasing Database (FPD) from Nielsen Co. Food and beverages categories from both data sets were groups according to Mexico's taxation categories for beverages and foods. Socioeconomic status (SES) indices for each dataset, based primarily on education and household assets, were used and SES was further classified by tertiles. Linear regression models were conducted to predict means with their respective standard errors of energy intake and volume purchased per capita per day for each of the four food groups (less healthy and healthy food and beverages) by SES and adjusting for sociodemographic variables while weighting and using survey commands to adjust for survey design. The per capita energy intake of less healthy food was higher in high versus medium and low SES (703±8.9 kcal/d; 366±4.3 kcal/d; 144±1.7 kcal/d respectively, p<0.01). These results were consistent with per capita volume purchased of less healthy food (35±0.2 g/d; 25±0.2 g/d; 22±0.2 g/d respectively; p<0.01). Likewise, results were consistent between per capita energy intake and per capita volume purchased of healthy foods when calories from tortillas were not considered (Energy intake: high SES=130±1.2 kcal/d; medium SES=77±0.6 kcal/d; low SES=44±0.3 kcal/d, p<0.01; volume purchased: high SES=25±0.1 g/d; medium SES=16±0.1 g/d; low SES=10±0.2 g/d). The results were opposite when the energy intake from tortillas was included in the healthy food group (high SES=253±3.6 kcal/d; medium SES=416±3.6 kcal/d; low SES=694±5.9 kcal/d, p<0.01). Energy intake from less healthy beverages was higher in high and medium versus low SES (234±3.6 kcal/d; 243±3.5 kcal/d; 104 kcal/d respectively; p<0.01), while the per capita volume purchased of less healthy beverages was lower in high versus medium and low SES (196±0.9 mL/d; 244±1 mL/d; 250±1.8 mL/d respectively; p<0.01). Per capita energy intake and volume purchased of healthy beverages was higher in high versus medium and low SES (Energy intake: high SES=237±1.5 kcal/d; medium SES=167±0.8 kcal/d; low SES=136±0.6 kcal/d, p<0.01; volume purchased: high SES=977±9.3 mL/d; medium SES=866±6.5 mL/d; low SES=654±8.1 mL/d). In conclusion, there is a positive relationship between SES and less healthy food and healthier beverage intake and purchases. In contrast, a negative relationship exists for less healthy beverages . Support or Funding Information Funding for this study comes from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (Grant 71698) and Bloomberg Philanthropies(grants to University of North Carolina and Mexican National Institute of Public Health)