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Dietary phytosterols intakes are inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk among Chinese population
Author(s) -
Zhang CaiXia,
Huang Jing,
Xu Ming,
Luo WeiPing,
Fang YuJing
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.42.3
Subject(s) - medicine , campesterol , odds ratio , colorectal cancer , confounding , quartile , stigmasterol , population , logistic regression , confidence interval , cancer , physiology , cholesterol , environmental health , biology , genetics , sterol
Objective According to the previous studies based on rodent models, phytosterols provided protection against colon carcinogenesis probably by inhibiting dysregulated cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis. However, epidemiological studies on the relationship between phytosterols and colorectal cancer risk were quite limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary phytosterols intakes and colorectal cancer risk among Chinese population. Methods A case‐control study of 1363 consecutively recruited colorectal cancer cases and 1363 frequency‐matched controls (age and sex) was conducted from July 2010 to May 2015 in Guangzhou, China. Dietary information was collected by using a validated interviewer‐administered food frequency questionnaire. Five subclasses of phytosterols (β‐sitosterol, campesterol, β‐sitostanol, campestanol and stigmasterol) were obtained from food content according to the Chinese Food Composition Table. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of colorectal cancer risk were assessed by multivariate logistic regression models after adjusting for various potential confounders. Results An inverse association was found between the consumption of β‐sitosterol, campesterol, β‐sitostanol, campestanol and total sterols and colorectal cancer risk. After adjusting various confounders, ORs of the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile intake were 0.44 (95% CIs 0.35–0.56, P trend < 0.01) for β‐sitosterol, 0.56 (95% CIs 0.45–0.71, P trend < 0.01) for campesterol, 0.58 (95% CIs 0.46–0.73, P trend < 0.01) for β‐sitostanol, 0.60 (95% CIs 0.48–0.76, P trend < 0.01) for campestanol and 0.50 (95% CIs 0.40–0.63, P trend < 0.01) for total sterols, respectively. No significant association was observed between stigmasterol intake and colorectal cancer risk. Subgroup analysis by cancer site showed that the inverse associations between β‐sitosterol, campesterol, β‐sitostanol and campestanol and total sterols intakes and colorectal cancer risk were observed in both colon and rectal cancer sites. Stratified analysis by sex showed that dietary intakes of β‐sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, β‐sitostanol, campestanol and total sterols were inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk among men. There was no significant inverse association between consumption of any of the phytosterols and colorectal cancer risk among women. However, stigmasterol intake was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk among women. Conclusion Consumption of β‐sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol β‐sitostanol and campestanol was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk. No significant association was observed between stigmasterol intake and colorectal cancer risk. Support or Funding Information This study was supported by Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (No: 2014A030313188).