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FTO Genotype, Dietary Protein Intake and Body Weight in a Population of Young Adults
Author(s) -
Jamnik Joseph,
Merritt David,
ElSohemy Ahmed
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.405.5
Subject(s) - waist , obesity , fto gene , body mass index , anthropometry , medicine , genotype , population , circumference , endocrinology , polymorphism (computer science) , biology , genetics , environmental health , gene , geometry , mathematics
Background Variation in the fat mass and obesity‐associated gene ( FTO ) has been shown to be associated with susceptibility to obesity. There may be a link between patterns of dietary intake, variation in FTO and obesity, but the relationship remains unclear. Previous studies have shown that dietary protein might modify the association between FTO genotype and body weight and composition. Objective The objective was to determine whether protein intake modifies the association between FTO variant rs1558902 and BMI/waist circumference. Methods Participants (n=1,491) were from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study, a cross sectional examination of young adults. Lifestyle, genetic, anthropometric and biochemical data were collected and diet was assessed using a Toronto‐modified Willett food frequency questionnaire. General linear models stratified by ethnicity and adjusted for age, sex and total energy intake were used to examine the association between rs1558902 and measures of body weight, and whether protein intake modified any observed associations. Results East Asians with protein intake below the median (<17% total energy intake) who were homozygous for the risk allele (A) of rs1558902 had significantly higher BMI (AA= 25.0 kg/m 2 , AT/TT=21.5kg/m 2 ; p< 0.0001) and waist circumference (AA=78.9 cm, AT/TT=70.6cm; p=0.0006) compared to carriers of the T allele. These associations were absent in the high protein intake group (>17% total energy intake) and there was a significant gene‐diet interaction for both BMI (p=0.01) and waist circumference (p=0.007). No significant interactions were observed among the Caucasian or South Asian groups. Conclusion These findings suggest that dietary protein intake might modify the effect of FTO variants on measures of body weight in certain populations. Support or Funding Information Research support from the Advanced Foods and Materials Network.