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Disparities in the Incidence of Hypertension in Youth
Author(s) -
Koebnick Corinna,
Daley Matthew F,
Mohan Yasmina D,
Reynolds Kristi,
Li Xia,
Sidell Margo A,
Porter Amy H,
Handler Joel,
Daniels Stephen R,
Kuizon Beatriz D
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.291.8
Subject(s) - medicine , pacific islanders , demography , incidence (geometry) , socioeconomic status , body mass index , cohort , population , cohort study , blood pressure , gerontology , pediatrics , environmental health , physics , sociology , optics
Background While racial disparities in adult hypertension incidence are well established, our knowledge is limited regarding at what age these disparities begin. Data on predictors for the incidence of hypertension in youth is scant. Study Design For this population‐based cohort of youth in southern California, members of a health plan between 3 and 17 years of age and without hypertension (n = 279,708) were passively followed. Blood pressure (BP) and baseline body mass index were extracted from electronic health records. We classified BP using the definitions of the Fourth Report (NHBPEP 2005) and JNC8. Relative risks (RR and 95%CI) are presented mutually adjusted for race, sex, age and socioeconomic status. Results The cohort was racially/ethnically diverse (52.5% Hispanic, 9.9% Black, 7.4% Asian). During 1,124,912 person‐years of follow‐up (over a median of 5.0 years), we identified 9,158 youth with incident hypertension at a mean age of 12.0 years (SD ± 4.3 years). The crude incidence rate of hypertension was 81 cases per 10,000 person‐years. The RR of hypertension was 0.83 (95%CI 0.80–0.87) for girls compared to boys. Compared to non‐Hispanic whites, the RR of hypertension was 1.00 (0.95–1.05) for Hispanics, 0.98 (0.91–1.06) in non‐Hispanic Blacks, 0.95 (0.87–1.03) in Asian/Pacific Islanders. For youth with low socioeconomic status indicated by state‐subsidized health coverage the RR was 1.12 (1.06–1.18). Conclusion In this large multiethnic, population‐based cohort of youth, sex and socioeconomic status but not race/ethnicity were associated with the risk of hypertension. Support or Funding Information Kaiser Permanente Direct Community Benefit Funds