Premium
Periodontal symptoms and inflammation following non‐surgical treatment and 4 months of fish oil supplementation
Author(s) -
Coates Alison,
Fitzsimmons Tracy,
Chee Brian,
Park Boram,
Kapellas Kostas,
Howe Peter,
Lee Ryan,
Ivanovski Saso
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.269.7
Subject(s) - fish oil , medicine , periodontitis , chronic periodontitis , placebo , polyunsaturated fatty acid , gastroenterology , randomized controlled trial , clinical trial , inflammation , aggressive periodontitis , dentistry , fish <actinopterygii> , pathology , biology , fatty acid , biochemistry , alternative medicine , fishery
Background/Aims Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterised by destruction of the supporting apparatus of teeth, including bone and the periodontal ligament. Long chain omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn‐3PUFA) in fish oil are beneficial for several inflammatory conditions with mixed findings in periodontitis. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of fish oil supplementation as an adjunct to standard therapy for advanced chronic periodontitis. Methods In a 4 month randomised, controlled parallel study participants with advanced chronic periodontitis (10M/23F, mean age 52 ± 10 years) consumed either fish oil (1884 mg LCn‐ 3PUFA /day) or (2000 mg soy oil /day). Patients were assessed at baseline and after 4 months for clinical outcomes, viz. probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment (CAL), inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐alpha, IL‐1beta and C‐reactive protein) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and fasting blood samples were assessed for LCn‐3PUFA erythrocyte content to determine compliance. Results Following non‐surgical treatment and 4 months of oil supplementation both groups had improvements in clinical outcomes, with significant reductions in PPD and CAL gain. There was no significant difference between groups in the percentage of sites that had ≥2 mm gain of CAL ( P = 0.229) or reduction in PPD ( P = 0.264) after 4 months. There were no significant changes in cytokines in GCF in either group. Erythrocyte LCn‐3PUFA increased by 50% in the fish oil supplemented group with no change in the placebo group suggesting good compliance with supplementation. Conclusions Whilst periodontal treatment was effective in all participants, no additional benefit was observed with fish oil supplementation for 4 months. Support or Funding Information Australian Dental Research Foundation grants (2013 and 2014); Novasel Australia LTD donated the capsules.