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Fabrication of A Novel Elastomeric Substitute For Autologous Veins In Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Author(s) -
Warner Harleigh J,
Wagner William D
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1300.9
Subject(s) - biomaterial , decellularization , biomedical engineering , electrospinning , materials science , nanofiber , fibroin , tissue engineering , composite material , polymer , silk , medicine
Autologous saphenous vein is the standard material for bypassing small diameter (<6mm) coronary arteries, but are subject to intimal hyperplasia, thrombosis, and accelerated atherosclerosis. To date, no biomaterial functions as a substitute for vein graft. We have recently developed an endovascular biomaterial, PFC, composed of electrospun poly‐(glycerol sebacate), silk fibroin, and type 1 collagen which has tensile, non‐thrombogenic, and endothelial cell adhesive properties ideal for an artery graft. In this study, PFC was tested to determine if enchanced mechanical properties and bioactive materials from cells would interface with PFC fibers to facilitate improved performance of the biomaterial. Sparse PFC mats composed of nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning 200 μl of 10% PFC [(PGS: Fib: Col (1:4.5:4.5)] in 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HFP) onto tissue culture plastic treated slides, resulting in a sparse network of PFC fibers. Samples were heat cured and crosslinked with gluteraldehyde. NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts were cultured on PFC fibers for 6 days and decellularized using Trypsin/Triton X‐100. Slides were imaged by SEM and light microscopy. Dense PFC mats were fabricated by electrospinning 4.4 mls of 10% PFC onto a 9 by 10cm rectangle of aluminum foil, heat curing, and crosslinking with gluteraldehyde. Fibroblasts were seeded on material for 10 days and either immediately fixed (n=3) or decellularized (n=3) and fixed. Materials were evaluated histologically. Decellularization protocols did not have an effect on the morphology of PFC fibers. Fibroblasts deposited a nanofibrous extracellular matrix (ECM) on the surface of sparsely electrospun PFC as shown by SEM and crystal violet staining. The ECM was apparent on sparce PFC after decellularization with Triton X‐100. The PFC facilitated the ability for the ECM to remain on the material compared to tissue culture plastic slides without PFC. Fibroblasts formed a dense monolayer on the surface of PFC. These studies show it is possible to effectively decellularize PFC seeded with fibroblasts and maintain ECM material, resulting in the ability to potentially tune the properties of the material.