Premium
Chronic binge alcohol (CBA) dysregulates mesenteric adipose tissue phenotype in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) infected macaques
Author(s) -
Simon Liz,
Ricks Joshua,
Berner Paul,
Stouwe Curtis Vande,
Molina Patricia E
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1292.10
Subject(s) - simian immunodeficiency virus , adipose tissue , lipodystrophy , adipokine , biology , adiponectin , adipocyte , immunology , medicine , endocrinology , insulin , viral load , insulin resistance , immune system , virus , antiretroviral therapy
Alterations in lipid metabolism, with or without an associated fat “redistribution” or lipodystrophy lead to a greater risk of insulin resistance or frank diabetes mellitus in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). PLWHA with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) have higher odds of presenting with lipodystrophy and altered adipokine profiles, which have been linked to metabolic dysregulation in anti‐retroviral therapy (ART)‐treated PLWHA. Our studies have shown significant reduction in circulating adiponectin levels and dysregulation of whole body glucose‐insulin dynamics in CBA/SIV compared to sucrose (SUC)/SIV macaques. To determine whether these changes are associated with adipose tissue dysregulation, male rhesus macaques were administered daily CBA or sucrose (SUC) starting 3 months prior to intrarectal SIV mac251 inoculation and continued throughout the study period. ART or placebo was initiated 2.5 months after SIV infection and continued through the study period. Mesenteric adipose tissue was excised from four treatment groups (SUC/SIV±ART and CBA/SIV±ART) at study endpoint (11 months post SIV inoculation). Mesenteric adipose tissue of CBA/SIV macaques had decreased adipocyte size and a significant increase in the number of mast cells, immune cell infiltration and collagen staining compared to that of SUC/SIV macaques. Moreover, adipose derived‐stem cells of CBA/SIV macaques showed decreased differentiation compared to SUC/SIV macaques. These findings suggest that CBA exacerbates dysregulation of adipose tissue phenotype potentially contributing to metabolic dysregulation in SIV infection. Support or Funding Information The work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants: P60 AA09803