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Effects of probiotic bacteria on cytokine expression in cultured intestinal epithelial cells
Author(s) -
Lyle Sarah,
Erickson Tony,
Walton Kristen LW
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1259.3
Subject(s) - probiotic , lactobacillus acidophilus , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , cytokine , immune system , immunology , bacteria , genetics
The benefits of probiotic bacteria in intestinal physiology and disease may be mediated through multiple mechanisms, such as affecting the composition of the gut microbiome, having direct action on host intestinal cells, or modulating mucosal immune responses. The commercially available probiotic VSL#3 includes a mixture of eight species, mostly lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. VSL#3 has been shown to have clinical benefits in ulcerative colitis patients, and has also been demonstrated to alter expression of mucins and other genes in cultured intestinal epithelial cells. This study aimed to assess effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus or VSL#3 on pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokine and tight junction protein expression in CMT‐93 and Caco‐2 colonic epithelial cells. Cells were treated for 4 hours with L. acidophilus or VSL#3 (1×10 8 CFU/ml) and expression of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor‐beta‐1 (TGFβ‐1), pro‐inflammatory interleukin (IL)‐6 and the housekeeping gene GAPDH was analyzed by semi‐quantitative PCR. The number of viable cells was analyzed after 24 hours of exposure to probiotic bacteria using a cell survival assay. Expression of claudin‐2 and localization of nuclear factor kappa‐B (NFkB) were detected by immunofluorescent staining. Probiotic‐treated CMT‐93 cells showed less induction of IL‐6 than LPS‐treated cells. TGFβ expression was not altered by probiotic treatment compared to untreated controls. Immunofluorescent staining showed increased claudin‐2 staining in cells treated with VSL#3 for 24 hours compared to untreated controls. In conclusion, probiotic bacteria stimulate reduced IL‐6 production compared to a strong inflammatory stimulus in murine intestinal epithelial cells. In addition, VSL#3 stimulated claudin‐2 expression in CMT‐93 cells, providing a potential mechanism for protective effects of VSL#3 on the intestinal epithelium. Support or Funding Information This project was supported by the Missouri Western State University PORTAL program.