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CALCIUM NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF SCHOOL CHILDREN IN NORTHWEST MEXICO: DIET AND URINARY EXCRETION
Author(s) -
GRIJALVAHARO MARIA ISABEL,
ZazuetaValenzuela Maryan Kazandra,
VargasTequida Bianca,
NieblasAlmada Amparo,
GonzàlezSiqueiros Luis Enrique,
Ponce Josè Antonio
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1172.14
Subject(s) - hypercalciuria , calcium , urinary calcium , excretion , urine , creatinine , calcium metabolism , chemistry , medicine , endocrinology , zoology , sodium , physiology , biology , organic chemistry
Calcium intake by schoolchildren is important for growth and bone mineralization, making it necessary to meet the recommended daily intake. Sonora diet includes low dietary calcium intake and components that could affect the calcium metabolism, as fiber and phytate, who prevents its absorption, and high consumption of sodium, phosphorus, caffeine, and protein, which increase calcium urinary losses. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of calcium in Hermosillo school children, based on calcium intake and urinary calcium excretion, and dietary factors associated with their metabolism. Methods Weight and height were measured. A calcium intake adapted food frequency questionnaire (CFCA‐Ca) was applied in 226 schoolchildren from 6 to 8 years old. Random urine samples were collected (one sample per child). Calcium and creatinine were determined by atomic absorption and Randox commercial kit respectively. Results It was found out that the average daily calcium intake is 836 mg, which covers the 800 mg recommended intake at this age. However, poor calcium intake in 52% of children was found, with an average of 656 mg Ca/d, as a high consumption of dietary components that interfere with calcium metabolism. Calcium excretion ranged from 0.12 to 11 mg/dL, and from 5.75 to 446 mg/dL for creatinine, obtaining an average ratio of Ca/Cr of 0.04, which is considered low. Two hypercalciuria cases were detected (Ca/Cr>0.21). Negative associations of urinary calcium excretion with fiber, phytates and sodium intake, as well as positive associations with animal and total protein intake was found. Inadequate calcium intake and high consumption of dietary factors that inhibit absorption, contribute to the deficiency of this nutrient in Hermosillo children, that to be consistent, this population would be prone to growth deficit, suffer rickets or osteoporosis future.