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Metabolic Responses to a Traditional Mexican versus commonly consumed U.S. Diet among Women of Mexican Descent: A Randomized Crossover Feeding Trial
Author(s) -
SantiagoTorres Margarita,
Kratz Mario,
Lampe Johanna W,
De Dieu Tapsoba Jean,
Breymeyer Kara L,
Levy Lisa,
Villaseñor Adriana,
Wang ChingYun,
Song Xiaoling,
Neuhouser Marian L
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1168.12
Subject(s) - crossover study , medicine , randomized controlled trial , adiponectin , insulin resistance , type 2 diabetes , insulin , diabetes mellitus , endocrinology , placebo , alternative medicine , pathology
Background Mexican immigrants are disproportionally affected by diet‐related risk of metabolic dysfunction. Whether adhering to a traditional Mexican diet or adopting a U.S. diet contributes to metabolic changes associated with future risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other chronic diseases has not been investigated. Objective To test in a randomized crossover feeding trial the metabolic responses to a Mexican versus a commonly consumed U.S. diet. Design First and second generation, healthy women of Mexican descent (n=53) were randomized in a crossover design to consume a Mexican or U.S. diet for 24 days each, separated by a 28‐day washout period. Diets were eucaloric and similar in macronutrient composition. The metabolic responses to diets were assessed by measuring fasting serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, IGF‐1, IGFBP‐3, adiponectin, CRP and IL‐6 as well as the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA IR ) at the beginning and end of each period. Linear mixed models tested the intervention effect on the biomarkers, while adjusting for diet sequence, feeding period, baseline and washout biomarker concentrations, age, acculturation and BMI. Results Compared to the U.S. diet, the Mexican diet reduced insulin by 14% [geometric means (95% CI), 9.3 (8.3, 10.3) vs. 8.0 (7.2, 8.9) μU/mL; P = 0.02], HOMA IR by 15% [2.0 (1.8, 2.3) vs. 1.7 (1.6, 2.0); P = 0.02], and IGFBP‐3 by 6% (mean ± SEM, 2,420 ± 29 vs. 2,292 ± 29 ng/mL; P < 0.01), and tended to reduce circulating concentrations of IGF‐1 by 4% (149 ± 2.6 vs. 144 ± 2.5 ng/mL; P = 0.06). There was no significant intervention effect on serum concentrations of glucose, adiponectin, CRP or IL‐6 in the U.S. versus Mexican diet. Conclusions Compared to the U.S. diet, the traditional Mexican diet modestly improved insulin sensitivity under conditions of weight stability, while having no impact on biomarkers of inflammation among healthy women of Mexican descent. Support or Funding Information This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) grant P50 CA148143 and the Cancer Center Support Grant P30CA 015704. M. Santiago‐Torres is currently supported by grant R25 CA094880 from the NCI. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT01369173)