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Select Dietary Fatty Acids Modulate Brain Long‐Chain Omega‐3 and Omega‐6 PUFA Content in Mice
Author(s) -
Banz William J,
Clough Rich W,
Hastings Darcie,
Funk Marie E,
Cheatwood Joseph L
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1163.22
Subject(s) - docosahexaenoic acid , polyunsaturated fatty acid , arachidonic acid , fish oil , food science , soybean oil , fatty acid , chemistry , population , eicosapentaenoic acid , biochemistry , biology , medicine , fish <actinopterygii> , environmental health , fishery , enzyme
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mental and physical disability and death in the general population. Neuronal dysfunction and behavioral decline associated with TBI can result from membrane instability in neurons, synaptic junctions, glia, endothelial cells and intracellular organelles. Membrane integrity, and reaction to extrinsic insult, are highly dependent upon dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), due to brain accretion of long‐chain omega‐3 PUFAs. The present study was designed to examine the influence of various dietary fatty acids on brain long‐chain omega‐3 PUFA content. Mice were fed one of five diets: 1) a diet containing corn oil, 2) conventional soybean oil, 3) SDA‐enriched soybean oil, 4) flaxseed oil, or 5) fish oil for 9 weeks. At the end of the study, brains were removed and frozen for subsequent fatty acid analysis via gas chromatography (GC). GC data were used to determine the percent area under the curve for key fatty acids, and these values were used to perform statistical analyses (ANOVA). SDA Soy Oil and Flaxseed Oil diets lowered arachidonic acid (AA) relative to all plant oil groups, but not as low as fish oil (p<0.05). Conversely, SDA Soy and Flaxseed OIL increased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) relative to all other plant oil groups, but not as high as fish oil (p<0.05). These changes were reflected in the n6:n3 ratios, where the results were consistent with the AA findings: SDA Soy Oil and Flaxseed Oil produced lower n6:n3 ratios compared to the other plant oil groups, but not as low as Fish Oil (p<0.05). Support or Funding Information School of Medicine; Dept. of Animal Science, Food & Nutrition, SIUC; and Monsanto Co. (St. Louis, MO) who supplied SDA oil.