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Possible Nutritional Etiology of Osteosarcopenic Obesity Syndrome
Author(s) -
Inglis Julia E,
Jafarinasabian Pegah,
Gilman Jenifer C,
Kelly Owen Joseph,
Ilich Jasminka Z
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1156.8
Subject(s) - sarcopenia , niacin , obesity , nutrient , overweight , endocrinology , medicine , adipose tissue , riboflavin , physiology , osteoporosis , chemistry , food science , organic chemistry
Osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) is a recently identified syndrome characterized by simultaneous presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and increased adiposity (either as overt overweight or fat redistribution and infiltration into bone and muscle). Our objective was to examine possible dietary macro and micro nutrient patterns, possibly leading to OSO. We analyzed 2011–2012 NHANES data (as a proxy for Western‐type diet) for macro and micro nutrients in older women to determine possible relevant nutritional deficiencies and/or excesses. The data revealed reduced energy intake with aging, despite the weight gain. This suggests that decrease in higher metabolically active tissue, especially muscle mass (sarcopenia), coupled with increased adipose tissue (obesity) and overall lower metabolic rate requires less energy to maintain/gain body weight. Protein intake (as % of energy) was below recommendations, while total fat (as % of energy) remained stable, but EPA and DHA were low. Carbohydrate intake was higher than recommendations and simple sugars contributed to more than 50% of total carbohydrate intake. Women were insufficient in Ca, Mg, and K, vitamins A, D, E, K, C and B 6 , but in excess of minerals P, Na and Fe, and possibly B 12 , niacin and riboflavin. Although there is a limited knowledge as to how each separate nutrient behaves within the current nutritional environment, our analysis suggests that the typical Western‐diet nutrient composition, for both macro and micro nutrients may not promote healthy aging and may be contributing to the low‐grade chronic inflammation and ultimately development of OSO. In conclusion, the combination of low protein, high simple carbohydrates, and deficiencies of Ca, Mg and K and excess of P, Na and Fe, and deficiencies of fat soluble vitamins, may be associated with lower bone mass, sarcopenia and increased/redistributed adiposity, and therefore lead to OSO. Support or Funding Information No funding source.