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Sub‐Acute Administration of Ethanol Extracts of Erythrophloem suavolens Induced Hepatotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Wistar Strain Albino Rats
Author(s) -
ADISA RAHMAT ADETUTU,
NWALIOBA COSMOS U,
AKUJOBI SYLVIA,
ORIBABOR JUDE
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1101.5
Subject(s) - chemistry , malondialdehyde , oxidative stress , superoxide dismutase , alkaline phosphatase , catalase , glutathione , triglyceride , albumin , antioxidant , pharmacology , medicine , biochemistry , endocrinology , cholesterol , biology , enzyme
Erythrophloem suavolens is a known poisonous plant to livestock, insects and humans. However, there is no known scientific basis for the toxic effects of this specie. The present study was designed to investigate the hepatotoxic and antioxidative effects of 28 days sub‐acute administration of ethanol extracts of E. suavolens stem bark (EESB) to albino rats. Graded doses of EESB (50, 100, 150, 200 mg/kg) were administered to each of groups II – V of 5 animals each for 28 days, respectively. Group I served as control and received distilled water. Hepatotoxicity, hepatic antioxidant status and levels of plasma lipid profile were determined. Sub‐acute administration of EESB decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase as well as levels of glutathione in liver homogenate, post‐mitochondrial and mitochondrial fractions, respectively. The amount of malondialdehyde produced increased significantly (p<0.05, p<0.01) and dose‐dependently in all the hepatic fractions, respectively compared to control. The activities of alkaline phosphatase, alanine and aspartate amino transferases were decreased non‐significantly (p>0.05, p>0.01), respectively compared to control animals. Low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased non‐significantly but markedly at 200 mg/kg of EESB. Non‐significant increase in level of high density lipoprotein was observed in the EESB‐treated animals. Plasma albumin and total protein concentrations of EESB‐treated group were not significantly different from control. Photomicrographs of liver sections showed necrotic lesions at 200 mg/kg dose. These findings suggest that sub‐acute administration of EESB is hepatotoxic which seems mediated by induction of oxidative stress.