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Avocado Oil Improves Mitochondrial Function and Decreases Oxidative Stress in Kidney Mitochondria of Type‐2 Diabetic Rats
Author(s) -
OrtizAvila Omar,
Consuelo FigueroaGarcia Maria,
MejiaZepeda Ricardo,
CabreraNuñez Faride,
FloresLedesma Claudia G,
HernandezEsparza Manjury J,
SaavedraMolina Alfredo,
CortesRojo Christian
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1100.13
Subject(s) - oxidative stress , diabetes mellitus , type 2 diabetes , mitochondrion , medicine , diabetic nephropathy , nephropathy , mitochondrial ros , reactive oxygen species , endocrinology , dyslipidemia , kidney , biology , biochemistry
Nephropathy is one of the most worrying complications of diabetes because of its direct association with the high mortality rate in diabetic patients. Diabetes is characterized by an increase in ROS generation and impaired mitochondrial dysfunction. Overproduction of mitochondrial ROS has been recognized as the single major event leading to the activation of pathways conducing to diabetic nephropathy. Previously, we have shown that avocado oil prevents kidney mitochondrial dysfunction and decreases ROS production in a rat model of type I diabetes. Avocado oil is a source of MUFA with some potential beneficial effects in health such as improvement of diabetic dyslipidemia, also contains several antioxidants which may modulate ROS production. Despite these antecedents, it is unknown whether avocado oil has the same effects over kidney mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive ROS production in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. To address this issue, avocado oil was administered for 3 and 6 months to Goto‐Kakizaki rats, a lean model of type 2 diabetes. Diabetic rats display a severe impairment in state 3 respiration, leading to 68% and 45.6% decrease in respiratory control ratio (RCR). Avocado oil slightly prevented this effect at 3 months but fully prevent inhibition of RCR at 6 months. Diabetes elicited a 70% decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential at 3 months, with avocado oil slightly preventing this effect. In contrast, at 6 months, there was no difference in this parameter in any experimental group in comparison to the control. Avocado oil led to a decrease of 38% and 70% in ROS production in mitochondria from diabetic rats at 3 and 6 months, respectively, in comparison to untreated diabetic rats. Mitochondria from diabetic rats exhibited a 83% decrease in mitochondrial GSH/GSSG ratio at both 3 and 6 months, indicating a condition of strong oxidative stress; supplementation with avocado oil fully prevented this effect at 3 months while at 6 months, a partial protective effect was seen as mitochondria of diabetic rats supplemented with avocado oil shown a ~40% decrease in this parameter. These results suggest that avocado oil prevented also type 2 diabetes‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and exacerbated oxidative stress in kidney mitochondria. Support or Funding Information Supported by a grant from Programa de Investigación 2016 de la Coordinación de la Investigación Científica de la UMSNH (CIC‐UMSNH) (CCR).