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ABO Blood Type Correlates with Survival on Prostate Cancer Vaccine Therapy
Author(s) -
Gildersleeve Jeff
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1095.5
Subject(s) - abo blood group system , medicine , prostate cancer , oncology , blood type (non human) , cancer , clinical trial , survival rate
Cancer vaccines and other immunotherapies have significant potential for treating cancer patients, but clinical responses vary considerably from patient to patient. Simple, inexpensive strategies to target treatment to likely responders could substantially improve efficacy while simultaneously reducing health care costs, but identification of reliable biomarkers has proven challenging. Previously, we found that pre‐treatment serum IgM to blood group A (BG‐A) correlated with survival for patients treated with PROSTVAC‐VF, a therapeutic cancer vaccine in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of prostate cancer. These results suggested that ABO blood type might influence efficacy. Unfortunately, blood types were not available in the clinical records for all but 8 patients and insufficient amounts of sera were left for standard blood typing methods. To test the hypothesis, therefore, we developed a new glycan microarray‐based method for determining ABO blood type. The method requires only 4 μL of serum, provides 97% accuracy, and allows simultaneous profiling of many other serum anti‐glycan antibodies. After validation with 220 healthy subjects of known blood type, the method was then applied to 74 PROSTVAC‐VF patients and 37 control patients from a phase II trial. In this retrospective study, we found that type B and O PROSTVAC‐VF patients demonstrated markedly improved clinical outcomes relative to A and AB patients, including longer median survival, longer median survival relative to Halabi predicted survival, and improved overall survival via Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis (p=0.006). Consequently, blood type may provide an inexpensive screen to pre‐select patients likely to benefit from PROSTVAC‐VF therapy. Support or Funding Information This research was supported by the intramural research program of the NCI/NIH.