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Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Chemically‐induced Arthritis in Rats: Role of Pro‐inflammatory and Pain‐mediating Cytokines
Author(s) -
Atta Hazem,
Noorwali Abdulwahab,
Bashah Taghreed,
Ganem Ahmed
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1036.1
Subject(s) - medicine , osteoarthritis , mesenchymal stem cell , cartilage , hyaline cartilage , arthritis , inflammation , knee joint , proinflammatory cytokine , joint pain , pathology , surgery , articular cartilage , anatomy , alternative medicine
Background Osteoarthritis results from loss of joint cartilage. In Saudi Arabia, almost 2 million people are affected by osteoarthritis. The knee joint is the most commonly affected joint in cases of arthritis. Osteoarthritis of the knee is the most common cause of pain and stiffness during walking. Mesenchmal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to be successful in repairing traumatic focal cartilage defects in human clinical trials. Their use to treat osteoarthritis needs to be studied carefully, due to the diffuse area of cartilage damage compared to focal cartilage defects. Their influence on pro and anti‐inflammatory cytokines needs to be studied. Objective This work aimed to study the cartilage healing effect of intra‐articular injection of autologous MSCs. The influence of MSCs on pro‐inflammatory and pain‐mediating cytokines was also examined. This may help to document and explain the reported healing capacity of MSCs. This may also help in finding a cure for the patients and save them the morbidity and the complications of drug therapy Methods Intra‐articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in the knee joint of rats followed by MSCs injection. Knee joints were surgically removed and histologiac sections from the joints were examined before and after therapy. Serum levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), its soluble receptor, nerve growth factor (NGF), and substance P were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results Histological examination showed healing of the affected joints by a hyaline‐like cartilage. Serum level of IL6 decreased significantly upon MSCs injection. However, the serum level of IL6‐ receptor increased by MSCs therapy. Serum level of NGF and substance P increased after MSCs therapy Conclusions Mesenchymal stem cells can repair damaged articular cartilage in rat models of knee osteoarthritis. Part of their action appears to be through decreasing the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines as Interleukin‐6. They play a role in healing and pain control by influencing pain‐mediating cytokines as substance P and NGF. Their mechanism of action needs to be further studied in large animal models and in clinical trials