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Influence of Habitual Carbohydrate Intake on Exercise‐Induced Inflammation in Ultra‐Endurance Athletes
Author(s) -
Bartley Jenna,
Munoz Colleen,
Kunces Laura,
Saenz Catherine,
Creighton Brent,
Freidenreich Daniel,
Lee Elaine,
Maresh Carl,
Volek Jeff
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.lb668
Subject(s) - inflammation , medicine , endocrinology , endurance training , immune system , systemic inflammation , proinflammatory cytokine , tumor necrosis factor alpha , immunology
Low carbohydrate diets (LCD) decrease systemic inflammatory markers in humans with chronic inflammation, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; however it is unknown whether LCD can mitigate systemic inflammation in acute situations, such as exercise bouts. Purpose To examine exercise‐induced alterations in inflammatory markers in elite ultra‐endurance athletes on a LCD or high carbohydrate diet (HCD). Methods Elite ultra‐endurance trained men (n=20, age 33.5±6.4yr VO 2 max 64.5±4.9mL/kg/min) habitually consuming a LCD (11% CHO, 71% FAT, 19% PRO) or HCD (58% CHO, 28% FAT, 15% PRO) completed a 3 hr treadmill run (65% VO 2 max). We measured circulating immune cells and select cytokines prior to, during, and post exercise (PE). Results Endurance exercise resulted in leukocytosis with elevated neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes immediately PE with greater lymphocytes in LCD (LCD 2873.5±869.8; HCD 1904.7±825.9; cells/uL; p<0.01). Neutrophils and monocytes remained elevated at 2 hr PE, while lymphocytes declined to below baseline levels. Circulating IL‐6 and IL‐8 increased 1 hr into exercise and remained elevated 2 hrs PE. IL‐10 increased 2 hrs into exercise and remained elevated 30 minutes PE. TNFa, IL‐1β, and IL‐12p70 did not change. Cytokines were not significantly different between groups. Conclusion Endurance exercise resulted in an acute inflammatory response. LCD did not significantly modulate the selected inflammatory markers. Ongoing research in our lab is examining additional markers of systemic inflammation, as well as potential muscle‐localized effects.