Premium
Effect of Resistant Starch and Protein in Energy Bars on Circulating Glucose and Insulin
Author(s) -
Klinken B.JanWillem,
Wolever Thomas,
Kaczmarczyk Melissa,
Bolster Doug,
Jenkins Alexandra,
Harkness Laura
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.lb376
Subject(s) - insulin , glycemic , medicine , endocrinology , meal , area under the curve , starch , carbohydrate , sugar , insulin resistance , chemistry , blood sugar , food science , diabetes mellitus
To determine the effect of varying the Resistant Starch RS and diary protein content of energy bars on blood glucose and insulin, we studied 12 healthy subjects using a randomized cross‐over design. The 3 hr glucose and insulin responses elicited by 5 whole grain energy bars containing Hi‐Maize260® (RS) and whey protein concentrate (WPC, 70% protein) in the following amounts (RS/WPC %w/w): 15/0, 15/0 low sugar, 15/5, 10/5 and 10/10 were compared with those elicited by a Control bar low in whole grains, protein and RS. Each test meal contained 40g available carbohydrate. For bars 15/0, 15/0 low sugar, 15/5, 10/5, 10/10 and Control, respectively, the mean±SEM incremental areas under the curve (AUC) were: glucose, 144±15, 169±14, 116±9, 117±12, 100±9 and 140±17 min×mmol/L; insulin, 1650±228, 1960±197, 2110±380, 1950±275, 2140±342 and 1820±297 min×uU/mL. There were no significant differences in AUC and peak rise for glucose or insulin between any of the bars and Control. Higher protein content was associated with lower glucose (p<0.05) and higher insulin AUC (p<0.10); higher RS content tended to be associated with higher glucose and insulin AUC (ns). Neither glucose nor insulin responses were significantly related to digestibility of the bars in vitro . We conclude that including protein in energy bar formulations may reduce glycemic response possibly through an enhanced insulin response. While RS may reduce glucose responses by displacing available carbohydrate, the present results are not consistent with an ability of RS to slow starch digestion in vivo . This might be due to limited quantity of RS in the products or may reflect limited effects on glycemic response.