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Association Between Omega‐3 Index and Type 2 Diabetes in Older Overweight/Obese People is Sex Dependent
Author(s) -
Garg Manohar,
Abbott Kylie,
Veysey Martin,
Lucock Mark,
Niblett Suzanne,
King Katrina,
Burrows Tracy
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.lb272
Subject(s) - quartile , overweight , insulin resistance , medicine , type 2 diabetes , obesity , odds ratio , endocrinology , diabetes mellitus , confidence interval
The association between dietary omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n‐3PUFA) deficiency and insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an association between erythrocyte n‐3PUFA levels (Omega‐3 Index) and T2D in older adults. A cross‐sectional sample of older adults aged 65‐95 years (n=548) was analysed. Outcome measures included: Omega‐3 index (O3I; %EPA + %DHA); fasting blood glucose; plasma insulin; and HbA1c. HOMA‐IR was calculated to determine insulin sensitivity. Odds ratio (OR) for T2D was calculated for each quartile of O3I using the lowest quartile as a reference. There was a significant inverse association between O3I and T2D in overweight and obese females, with an OR for T2D for the first to fourth quartiles respectively: 1.0 (reference), 0.82 (95% CI, 0.31‐2.18), 0.56 (95% CI, 0.21‐1.52), 0.22 (95% CI, 0.06‐0.82) (P‐trend=0.015). Similar trends were seen in overweight males however the relationship did not reach significance. After adjusting for BMI, no associations were found between O3I and fasting blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c or HOMA‐IR. Higher erythrocyte n‐3PUFA status may be protective against obesity‐related insulin resistance and T2D in females. Further research is warranted to further elucidate sex differences and determine whether dietary interventions to improve the O3I may delay or prevent the development of T2D.