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Effect of the Mediterranean Diet on DNA Methylation of Selected Genes in the PREDIMED‐Valencia Intervention Trial
Author(s) -
Corella Dolores,
Ordovas Jose,
Sorli Jose,
Asensio Eva,
Ortega Carolina,
Carrasco Paula,
Portoles Olga,
Coltell Oscar
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.lb242
Subject(s) - dna methylation , methylation , tcf7l2 , mediterranean diet , cpg site , single nucleotide polymorphism , medicine , biology , gene , genetics , genotype , gene expression
We previously reported diet‐gene interactions of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in modulating the effects of polymorphisms in the TCF7L2‐rs7903146 and FTO‐rs9939609 genes on stroke and diabetes. Our aims were: 1) to analyze the influence of adherence to the MedDiet at baseline on the DNA‐methylation of the TCF7L2 and FTO genes and 2) to study the impact of a one‐year intervention with MedDiet supplemented with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on the methylation of those same loci in comparison to that of a control diet. We conducted a pilot study (n=195) on the PREDIMED‐Valencia participants (aged 67+/‐7 y), a randomized controlled intervention trial. Quantitative DNA methylation analysis was carried out by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry at baseline and after 1‐year dietary intervention with MedDiet supplemented with EVOO and in the control group. We analyzed 31 CpG sites surrounding the SNPs. The polymorphisms were strongly associated with methylation levels (P<0.01 for the CpG site 7 in amplicon B of the TCF7L2‐rs7903146 and CpG site 8A of the FTO). At baseline, we obtained an inverse association between adherence to MedDiet and methylation levels in the TCF7L2. Of all the nutrients, folate intake presents the most significant associations with methylation levels of the several CpG islands of both genes (P<0.005). Intervention with MedDiet was significantly associated with hypomethylation of some CpG. But, they are also some loci associated with hypermethylation. That specificity requires further investigations.