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A Fructose Enriched Diet (20%) Induces Salt‐Sensitive Hypertension and Prevents Salt‐Induced Decrease in Plasma Renin
Author(s) -
Beierwaltes William,
Ismail Alexander,
Szandzik David,
Garvin Jeffrey,
Ortiz Pablo
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.960.6
Subject(s) - fructose , medicine , endocrinology , plasma renin activity , blood pressure , chemistry , glycemic , excretion , sodium , hypertriglyceridemia , renin–angiotensin system , diabetes mellitus , cholesterol , biochemistry , triglyceride , organic chemistry
Dietary Fructose is implicated in the development of hypertension, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Rats supplemented with 20% fructose develop hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperglycemia after 8 weeks (Mamikutty N,et al. Biomed Res Int. '14). We hypothesized rats given a fructose‐enriched diet mimicking the upper range consumption in the US would cause salt‐sensitive hypertension prior to the onset of metabolic abnormalities. Groups of 8‐11 rats were given a normal rat chow diet, supplemented with either 1% NaCl, 20% fructose, or 1% NaCl plus 20% fructose in their drinking water over 4 weeks. Systolic blood pressure and body weights were monitored and 24 hour urine and blood collected at 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, systolic blood pressure was significantly increased by 10 ±4 mmHg (p<0.05) only in the fructose plus salt group. Growth rates were similar in all four groups (5.4 ± 0.4 g/day). Plasma electrolytes and glycemic indices were also similar. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was similar in control vs fructose rats (2.51±0.72 vs 2.71 ±0.90 ng AngI/ml/hr, respectively) but was suppressed by 80% (0.43 ±0.07 ngAng1/ml/hr) in rats fed 1% NaCl. However, fructose feeding prevented high salt induced‐suppression of PRA (1.89 ±0.43 ngAng1/ml/hr). Sodium excretion was elevated in both groups receiving NaCl. We conclude addition of salt to a fructose‐enriched diet induced salt‐sensitive hypertension prior to other pathologies. The blunting of salt‐induced suppression of PRA by fructose suggests it alters the sensitivity of renin secretion to salt intake and this may contribute to the increase in blood pressure.