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Cellular and Respiratory Responses to Inhalation of Traffic Derived Particles in a Rat Model of High Fructose Diet‐Induced Cardio‐Metabolic Syndrome
Author(s) -
DIAZ EDGAR,
Vasileios Papapostolou,
Coull Brent,
Harkema Jack,
Godleksi John
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.950.10
Subject(s) - inhalation , respiratory system , zoology , tidal volume , heart rate , medicine , respiration , fructose , diastole , respiratory rate , respiratory exchange ratio , endocrinology , blood pressure , chemistry , anesthesia , cardiology , biology , biochemistry , anatomy
METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats 250‐350g (Taconic Farms ‐ Rensselaer, NY), were fed for 8‐weeks prior to their first day of exposure with a high‐fructose diet (HFrD; 60% fructose by mass; TD.89247; Harlan Laboratories) to induce the metabolic syndrome phenotype, and continued on the diet until the end of the experiment. Animals were exposed to Aged Primary plus Secondary Organic Aerosol (P+SOA) tunnel emissions (Air Qual Atmos & Health 2013;6(2):419‐429). In all studies, control (Sham) exposures were conducted simultaneously. Animals were implanted with C50‐PXT blood pressure, temperature and ECG telemeters, Continuous respiratory data were collected at the time of exposure. Effects of each exposure were assessed using linear mixed models containing random animal effects and within exposure serial correlation in the form of a first‐order autoregressive process. In addition, we controlled for each day, so comparisons are between exposed and unexposed on a given day, with this difference related to the exposure level. RESULTS Average exposure concentration was 20.41±6.18υg/m 3.Parameter Δ Exp/Sham ± SE p‐valueSystolic BP 6.40±3.31 0.055Diastolic BP 5.01±2.28 0.030Heart Rate 4.86±3.30 0.143Frequency 7.30±1.27 <0.001Tidal Volume 5.34±2.0 0.001Inspiratory Time ‐9.56±5.33 0.078Expiratory Time ‐35.73±9.89 <0.001Peak Inspiratory Flow 1.57±0.36 <0.001Peak Expiratory Flow 1.13±0.25 <0.001CONCLUSIONS The diet‐induced metabolic syndrome model was successfully produced with the high fructose diet. Our toxicological results for blood pressure outcomes behaved similar to our prior exposure with this aerosol in normal animals. Respiratory airflows differed suggesting parasympathetic influences, which had been observed with much higher exposure concentrations.