Premium
Cells and Molecules of Cancerous Neurogenesis
Author(s) -
Steindler Dennis
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.926.7
Subject(s) - cancer stem cell , neural stem cell , microglia , glioma , neurogenesis , stem cell , biology , cancer research , carcinogenesis , progenitor cell , extracellular matrix , microvesicles , clonogenic assay , microbiology and biotechnology , neuroscience , cancer , cell , microrna , immunology , inflammation , biochemistry , genetics , gene
Cancer stem‐like cells can be isolated and expanded using clonogenic sphere cultures from a variety of tumor types, including gliomas, osteosarcoma, colon and prostate cancer (Ignatova et al., 2002; Gibbs et al., 2005; Levings et al., 2009; Carpentino et al., 2009; Bae et al., 2009). In primary brain gliomas, astrocytes, microglia and stem/progenitor cell interactions, mediated by unique expressions of developmentally regulated molecules including extracellular matrix (“ECM”) that help build functional neural circuitry during development and neuropoiesis, together may also contribute to aberrant cell genesis during brain tumorigenesis (Silver and Steindler, 2009). There are distinctive roles for these elements as well during invasive versus non‐invasive glioma using both in vitro bioassays and patient‐derived xenotransplanted human glioblastoma (“GBM”) stem‐like cells (Silver et al., 2013; Ignatova et al., 2002; Siebzehnrubl et al., 2013). Microglia and their interactions with astrocytes and astrocytic cancer stem cells together regulate brain tumor organization and invasion. Gliotypic cells that transiently adopt tumorigenic behaviors during normal neurogenesis (Walton et al., 2009) may underlie gliomagenesis via their exposure to aberrant microglial signals, including inflammatory molecules that may be transmitted cell to cell via exosomes and that are targets of new combination therapies. Supported by NIH Grant NS055165, and the McKinney, Maren and Thompson Regenerative Medicine Fund.