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A polyphenol rich sumac sorghum cereal alters lipoprotein subfractions resulting in a more cardioprotective lipoprotein profile
Author(s) -
Hicks Kristen,
Walzem Rosemary,
Carroll Raymond,
Turner Nancy
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.923.1
Subject(s) - sorghum , lipoprotein , polyphenol , chemistry , food science , low density lipoprotein , cholesterol , medicine , biochemistry , biology , agronomy , antioxidant
Elevated serum cholesterol is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, which is responsible for 1 in every 3 deaths in the United States. High density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) can be further characterized into density subfractions that demonstrate greater efficacy in predicting atherogenesis and ultimately CVD risk. Condensed tannins, such as those present in sumac sorghum, have been shown to improve vascular mechanics and reduce systemic markers of inflammation. Therefore, the goal of this experiment was to determine if this sorghum‐based source of condensed tannins would alter lipoprotein density distributions in a manner consistent with reduced CVD risk. Overweight humans (n=23) were assigned to either a low dose (50 g) or high dose (100 g) of sumac sorghum puff cereal daily in a randomized crossover design. Plasma samples were obtained at 0, 4, 7 and 11 wk and isopycnic ultracentrifugation was used to quantify density distributions of fluorescently stained lipoproteins as area under the curve (AUC). Consumption of sorghum cereal increased AUC of larger and less dense LDL 2 (p=0.0214) and LDL 3 (p=0.0035) and decreased the small dense LDL 5 (p=0.0016) subfraction; both changes are associated with reduced CVD risk. These data suggest that consumption of this ancient grain containing elevated polyphenol levels can beneficially alter lipoprotein fractions, which may correspond to a decreased CVD risk profile. Funded by USCP HVM01‐14.