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A Review and Meta‐Analysis of Red Meat Consumption and Type 2 Diabetes
Author(s) -
Bylsma Lauren,
Miller Paula,
Alexander Dominik
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.906.18
Subject(s) - meta analysis , red meat , confounding , type 2 diabetes , study heterogeneity , random effects model , meta regression , publication bias , medicine , relative risk , diabetes mellitus , environmental health , demography , confidence interval , endocrinology , pathology , sociology
This review aimed to update the state of the epidemiologic science by conducting a systematic review and meta‐analysis to estimate the potential association between red meat consumption and type 2 diabetes. A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify relevant prospective studies. Random‐effects meta‐analyses were conducted to generate summary relative risk estimates (SRREs) between intakes of total red meat and individual items and risk of type 2 diabetes. Heterogeneity was examined in sub‐group analyses. Meta regression, sensitivity, influence, and publication bias analyses were performed. A total of 20 studies were included and meta‐analyzed. Meta‐analysis of 13 independent cohorts of red meat intake and type 2 diabetes resulted in an SRRE of 1.18 (95% CI: 1.10‐1.26), but statistically significant heterogeneity was present (p‐H < 0.001, I 2 = 64.08). Most meta‐analysis models produced summary associations ranging between 1.0 and 1.3, but statistically significant heterogeneity was present across the majority of the analyses. These results should be interpreted cautiously, as associations were relatively weak, confounding was significant across the individual studies, and methodological and statistical heterogeneity was considerable. It may be the interaction of dietary balance with favorable lifestyle choices that may provide the most meaningful impact on reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Funding provided by Meat & Livestock Australia