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Caregiver Feeding Style Questionnaire: Reduced Version for Toddlers
Author(s) -
Edelson Lisa,
Mokdad Cassandra,
Horst Klazine
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.901.6
Subject(s) - generalizability theory , psychology , style (visual arts) , sample (material) , demography , developmental psychology , social psychology , geography , chemistry , archaeology , chromatography , sociology
Objective To create a shorter version of the Caregiver Feeding Style Questionnaire (CFSQ) to be used in studies with families of 1‐3 year‐old children. Methods An online questionnaire including the CFSQ was administered to 1005 American families with children between 12‐36 months. From this data, models were run to identify the 30 best subsets of 8, 9, or 10 of the original 19 items of the questionnaire. These models were compared for their predictive value of scores from the whole questionnaire and a best model was selected. To explore generalizability, the selected model was also applied to a separate sample of 332 families with children in the same age range in Michigan. Results The best subset of questions included items: 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 17‐19 from the original questionnaire (see table). The new demandingness subscale predicted the original scores with an adjusted r 2 =0.94; for responsiveness, r 2 =0.83. Adjusting the cutoff points between feeding styles from 2.8 to 3.0 for demandingness and 1.16 to 1.17 for responsiveness reduced the errors in categorizing parents. Similar results were found with the second sample of families (demandingness r 2 =0.91; responsiveness r 2 =0.81).Item Number from Original CFSQ (* = incl. in responsiveness scale) CFSQ Item Wording, "How often do you..." 1 Physically struggle with your child to get him or her to eat (for example, physically putting your child in the chair so he or she will eat). 4* Ask your child questions about the food during dinner. 6* Reason with your child to get him or her to eat (for example, “Milk is good for your health because it will make you strong”). 8* Allow your child to choose the foods he or she wants to eat for dinner from foods already prepared. 9* Compliment your child for eating food (for example, “What a good boy! You’re eating your beans”). 12 Warn your child that you will take away something other than food if he or she doesn’t eat (for example, “If you don’t finish your meat, there will be no play time after dinner”). 13 Tell your child to eat something on the plate (for example, “Eat your beans”). 17* Help your child to eat dinner (for example, cutting the food into smaller pieces). 18 Encourage your child to eat something by using food as a reward (for example, “If you finish your vegetables, you will get some fruit”). 19 Beg your child to eat dinner.Conclusions For epidemiological surveys, phone interviews, or other situations in which the number of survey items is very limited, a 10‐item version of the CFSQ may be valuable and can provide similar dimension scores to the full version. Although when cutoff points were used, some parents changed feeding style categorization, this was due to the normal distribution of scores, with the bulk falling near the cutoff point (mean).