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Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate: An unusual macrophage‐associated phospholipid
Author(s) -
Akgoc Zeynep,
Iosim Sonia,
Seyfried Thomas
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.885.11
Subject(s) - microglia , macrophage , phospholipid , alveolar macrophage , endosome , chemistry , phosphatidylglycerol , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , biology , cell , membrane , inflammation , immunology , phosphatidylcholine , in vitro
Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) is a negatively charged phospholipid found almost exclusively in late endosomes/lysosomes. BMP is a structural isomer of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) with an unusual sn‐1:sn‐1' configuration. BMP comprises only about 1‐2% of the total phospholipids in most mammalian cells. However, BMP is abundant in lung alveolar macrophages where it can comprise up to 18% of the total phospholipids. The high BMP content in alveolar macrophages might be linked to surfactant, which is enriched in PG. BMP also accumulates in tissues of humans and animals with lysosomal storage disorders supporting localization in endosomal and lysosomal membranes. In this work we found that BMP was a major lipid comprising 20‐30% of total acidic phospholipids in various mouse cells of macrophage‐origin including thioglycollate‐elicited peritoneal macrophages, microglia (BV2), and metastatic tumor cells with microglial/myeloid characteristics (VM‐M3, VM‐M2). In contrast, lower levels of BMP (7‐13% of total acidic lipids) were found in mouse astrocytes and in stem cell derived neural tumor cells (CT‐2A). Gas‐liquid chromatographic analysis revealed that C18:1 was the major fatty acid species of BMP in most cultured macrophage cell lines, whereas C16:0 was the predominant fatty acid species of BMP from the peritoneal macrophages. These findings suggest that BMP is a major phospholipid in cells with macrophage/myeloid lineage and that C16:0 and/or C18:1 are the major fatty acids found in BMP derived from these macrophages. This work was supported by NIH grant NS055195.