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Activation of Medulla‐Projecting Perifornical Neurons Modulates the Adrenal Sympathetic Response to Hypoglycemia: Involvement of Orexin Type 2 (OX 2 ‐R) Receptors.
Author(s) -
Korim Willian,
Verberne Anthony
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.828.2
Subject(s) - rostral ventrolateral medulla , epinephrine , hypoglycemia , adrenal medulla , endocrinology , medicine , medulla , sympathetic nervous system , insulin , orexin , hypothalamus , neuroscience , receptor , catecholamine , biology , neuropeptide , medulla oblongata , central nervous system , blood pressure
Hypoglycemia is a condition commonly experienced by patients with diabetes undertaking insulin treatment. Although the body releases epinephrine in an attempt to counter‐regulate hypoglycemia, the neural mechanisms underlying this physiological response still remain to be elucidated. In this study, we report that a specific subpopulation of medulla‐projecting neurons in the perifornical hypothalamus is excited by systemic hypoglycemia and probably modulate the counter‐regulatory release of epinephrine. First, in urethane‐anensthetized Sprague‐Dawley rats, we describe an electrophysiological approach for locating these neurons. Secondly, we demonstrate that the majority of them are activated by insulin‐induced hypoglycemia and project directly to the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) where the adrenal sympathetic premotor neurons are found. Finally, we show that OX 2 ‐Rs in the RVLM mediate the increase in adrenal sympathetic discharge in response to hypoglycemia. Based on the findings here, we propose a neural mechanism that facilitates the counter‐regulatory epinephrine release following hypoglycemia.