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High Protein Meals Decrease the Ratio of Acyl and Desacyl Ghrelin to Peptide YY in Children with Prader‐Willi Syndrome
Author(s) -
Loehr Sarah,
MacKenzie Michelle,
Gaylinn Bruce,
Thorner Michael,
Haqq Andrea
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.818.1
Subject(s) - peptide yy , medicine , endocrinology , postprandial , orexigenic , ghrelin , meal , hormone , neuropeptide y receptor , neuropeptide , insulin , receptor
Ghrelin (orexigenic hormone) and peptide YY (PYY) (anorexigenic hormone) may contribute to the hyperphagia experienced by children with Prader‐Willi Syndrome (PWS). We compared the ratio of acyl ghrelin:PYY (AG:PYY) in fasting and acute postprandial conditions in response to meals of different macronutrient composition in children with and without PWS. Seven children with PWS (1M/6F, 5.3 – 12.8 years) and five controls (4M/1F, 8.4 – 16.8 years) completed three study visits. Children consumed one of three meals (350kcals) at each visit: standard (55% carbohydrate (CHO), 30% fat, 15% protein), higher protein/low CHO (HP/LC) (40% CHO, 30% fat, 30% protein), or higher protein/low fat (HP/LF) (55% CHO, 15% fat, 30% protein). Fasting and postprandial (every hour for four hours) blood samples were taken. PWS had higher fasting plasma acyl ghrelin than controls (p=0.05). Fasting PYY levels did not differ. Fasting AG:PYY were similar between groups; however, after both higher protein meals, PWS showed a trend for a greater decrease in AG:PYY (p = 0.07, HP/LF p = 0.05). One hour after consuming both the HP/LC and HP/LF meals, AG:PYY was significantly lower than fasting in PWS and remained lower over the four hours post meals (p < 0.05). In contrast, control AG:PYY did not change significantly from fasting post higher protein meals. Results suggest that AG:PYY in children with PWS may not differ from controls in fasting conditions or after a standard meal. This ratio, however, decreased to a greater extent in PWS in response to higher protein meals. A reduction in AG:PYY may be an important marker of reduced orexigenic drive in response to higher protein meals in PWS children.