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α‐Tocopherol Bioavailability is Lower in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome Regardless of Dairy Fat Co‐Ingestion
Author(s) -
Mah Eunice,
Sapper Teryn,
Leonard Scott,
Traber Maret,
Bruno Richard
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.758.4
Subject(s) - ingestion , bioavailability , food science , tocopherol , metabolic syndrome , chemistry , medicine , endocrinology , vitamin e , biochemistry , obesity , antioxidant , pharmacology
α‐Tocopherol (α‐T) protects against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but its dietary intakes are poor with >22% of Americans having suboptimal α‐T status. We hypothesized that MetS adults, who are at risk for NASH, have lower α‐T bioavailability that could be improved by fat‐containing dairy milk. A randomized, cross‐over, double‐blind study was conducted in age‐ and gender‐matched healthy and MetS adults (n = 10/group). They ingested encapsulated deuterium‐labeled (d 6 )‐RRR‐α‐T (15 mg) on 3 occasions with 250 mL of non‐fat (0.2 g fat), reduced‐fat (4.8 g fat), or whole (7.9 g fat) milk prior to analyzing plasma labeled and unlabeled tocopherols by LC‐MS at regular intervals for 72 h. MetS adults had greater (P<0.05) BMI, HOMA‐IR, and plasma TNFα, IL‐10, IL‐6, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL‐C, but lower HDL‐C. They also had lower plasma d 6 ‐α‐T AUC 0‐72 h and maximal concentrations (C max ), and slower rates of absorption and disappearance, but similar time to C max (T max ) compared to healthy adults. Plasma d 6 ‐α‐T C max , AUC 0‐72 h , and absorption rates were inversely correlated to BMI, HOMA‐IR, plasma alanine aminotransferase, and IL‐10 (r = ‐0.45 to ‐0.74), and positively correlated to HDL‐C (r = 0.46). Plasma d 6 ‐α‐T disappearance rates correlated negatively to HOMA‐IR and TNFα (r = ‐0.42 to ‐0.45). Plasma d 6 ‐α‐T AUC 0‐72 h , C max , disappearance rates, and T max were similar between milk types and estimated absorption was >20% for all milk types. Collectively, α‐T bioavailability is unaffected by dairy milk type, but is lower in MetS adults likely due to impaired absorption, which may enhance their risk for NASH. Funded by Dairy Research Institute.