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Acute Dextran Sodium Sulfate Dose‐Dependently Induces Colitis in Formula‐Fed Piglets
Author(s) -
Jacobi Sheila,
Moeser Adam,
Borst Luke,
Lin Xi,
Odle Jack
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.755.8
Subject(s) - crypt , colitis , inflammatory bowel disease , gastroenterology , lamina propria , medicine , inflammation , hyperplasia , diarrhea , pathology , epithelium , disease
Numerous factors are associated with the onset and development of inflammatory bowel disease and can lead to variations in nutritional status and growth during development. Acute dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis is a model often used to study inflammatory mechanisms in the colon. The current study aimed to determine if increasing doses of DSS modulate the severity of colonic inflammation in suckling neonatal pigs. Day‐old pigs were randomized among 4 treatments (0, 0.313, 0.625, or 1.25 g DSS/kg BW/d; n=5/trt) and fed 3 times per day for 21 days. Colitis was induced from d 17 ‐21 by DSS delivered in a small volume of milk before morning feeding. Pigs were euthanized and colon samples were collected on d 22. DSS dose did not affect feed intake and growth. There was a linear increase in diarrhea score with increasing dose of DSS on d17 through d21 (P<0.001). In addition, pathology assessments (means ± pooled SEM) showed a linear increase in inflammatory histological scores (ranging from 0 to 4, normal to severe, respectively) associated with DSS doseage. Epithelial damage (0.7, 1.2, 2.6, 3.1 ± 0.3, respectively) lamina propria inflammation (0, 1.2, 1.9, 3.5 ± 0.3), crypt abscess (0, 0.6, 1.4, 2.1 ± 0.4), crypt dropout (0, 0.5, 1.6, 2 ± 0.4), goblet cell depletion (0, 0.4, 1, 1.6 ± 0.3), and hyperplasia (1.1, 2, 2.6, 2.9 ± 0.3) were dose‐dependently increased with increasing DSS (P<0.001). Colonic myeloperoxidase activity linearly increased dose‐dependently (P < 0.05) as did overall colitis score (0.3, 1, 1.9, 2.4 ± 0.3; P<0.0001). In conclusion, severity of colitis is directly correlated with dose of DSS in the suckling piglet model. Funded by USDA‐NIFA 2104‐67017‐21750.