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Mediterranean Diet is Associated with Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes: The SEARCH Nutrition Ancillary Study
Author(s) -
Zhong Victor,
Lamichhane Archana,
Crandell Jamie,
Couch Sarah,
Liese Angela,
The Natalie,
Dabelea Dana,
Lawrence Jean,
Kim Grace,
Marcovina Santica,
MayerDavis Elizabeth
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.736.17
Subject(s) - medicine , glycemic , confounding , blood pressure , type 2 diabetes , mediterranean diet , diabetes mellitus , obesity , bayesian multivariate linear regression , endocrinology , insulin , linear regression , machine learning , computer science
Background Data on the benefit of a Mediterranean diet (MD) on glycemic control (GC), insulin sensitivity (IS), and cardiovascular health for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are scarce. Methods. Incident T1D cases <20 years of age at diagnosis were included (N=793). MD adherence was assessed by modified KIDMED index (mKIDMED) with a range from ‐3 to 12 points. Multivariate linear regression, adjusting for confounders, was used to determine the association between MD adherence and GC, IS, lipids, blood pressure (BP), and obesity. Potential mediation by HbA1c was evaluated. Results. The mean (standard deviation) of mKIDMED score was 3.60 (1.88), ranging from ‐1 to 10. Every two‐point increase in mKIDMED score was inversely associated with log‐HbA1c (β=‐0.02, P=0.02), total cholesterol (TC) (β=‐4.04, P=0.006), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)‐C (β=‐3.39, P=0.004), non‐high‐density lipoprotein (non‐HDL)‐C (β=‐3.86, P=0.004), and LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio (β=‐0.07, P=0.02). Unexpectedly, mKIDMED score was positively associated with systolic BP in non‐Hispanic white cases (β=1.21, P=0.009). About 20% of the associations of a MD with lipids was mediated by HbA1c. Conclusions Increased MD adherence may be beneficial for GC, and cardiovascular health for youth with T1D.