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Association of Nut Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk in a Large Population‐based Case‐control Study
Author(s) -
Lee Jennifer,
Lam Tram,
Consonni Dario,
Pesatori Agnela,
Bertazzi Pier,
Landi Maria
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.736.11
Subject(s) - medicine , lung cancer , odds ratio , confidence interval , confounding , case control study , logistic regression , nut , prospective cohort study , population , cohort study , cancer , demography , environmental health , structural engineering , sociology , engineering
Increased nut consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of colon cancer. No study has examined the association between nut consumption and lung cancer risk. We investigated the association of nut consumption (walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, or peanuts) with lung cancer risk in the E nvironment A nd G enetics in L ung cancer E tiology (EAGLE), a population‐based case‐control study. Primary lung cancer cases (n=2101) were enrolled within the Lombardy region of Italy and matched (on gender, residence, and age) to randomly selected controls (n=2120). Diet was assessed in 1903 cases and 2073 controls. Multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sex‐specific quintiles of intake were calculated using unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for putative confounders. Nut consumption was statistically associated with reduced risk of lung cancer (OR Q5‐vs‐Q1 =0.73;95% CI:0.57‐0.94) and similar statistically significant associations were observed across histological subtypes. The protective association was strongest among ever smokers who smoked 蠄15 cigarettes per day (OR Q5‐vs‐Q1 =0.59,95% CI=0.39‐0.90); no significant association, however, was observed for ever‐smokers who smoked >15 cigarettes per day (OR Q5‐vs‐Q1 =0.80,95% CI=0.58‐1.10). In summary, we observed an inverse association between nut consumption and lung cancer risk. Our findings suggest a stronger benefit for light smokers. Further research on this relationship is warranted in prospective cohort studies.