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Fatty Acid Analysis of Citron ( Citrus junos Sieb . ex TANAKA) Seed Oil and Its Regulation Effects on Nitric Oxide Production, Lipid Accumulation, and Leptin Secretion
Author(s) -
Kim Tae Woo,
Kim Kyoung Kon,
Kang Yun Hwan,
Kim Dae Jung,
Choe Myeon
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.730.2
Subject(s) - nitric oxide , chemistry , linoleic acid , leptin , fatty acid , biochemistry , oleic acid , umbilical vein , linolenic acid , food science , biology , endocrinology , organic chemistry , in vitro , obesity
Purpose Citron seed oil (CSO) has been reported to have high antioxidant activity. However, the composition of CSO and other biologically activities are not reported. In this study, we confirmed the fatty acid composition of CSO that may be beneficial to vascular disease and obesity. Methods We investigated the oil composition using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis, and cytotoxicity were confirmed by Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay. Nitric oxide (NO) production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was measured with Griess reagent, and lipid accumulation and leptin secretion in 3T3‐L1 cells were measured by Oil‐Red O staining and commercial ELISA kit, respectively. Results GC‐MS analysis indicates that CSO contains several components, including linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid, and arachidic acid. In physiological activity research, CSO did not induce cytotoxic effect in HUVECs and 3T3‐L1 cells. Further, CSO significantly induced nitric oxide and leptin secretion, and inhibited lipid accumulation. Conclusion The effects of CSO on increase of NO release, inhibition of lipid accumulation, and induction of leptin secretion suggest that CSO may be useful for the management of vessels and weight gain. Although further studies are required to investigate safety and reaction mechanism of CSO, our results show that the composition and physiological activity of CSO are enough for use as functional edible oil.