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Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Extracts from a Bioenergy Crop, Switchgrass, in Cultured Adipocytes
Author(s) -
Garrison Richard,
Scoggin Shane,
Siriwardhalin,
Labbé Nicole,
Ownley Bonnie,
Gwinn Kimberly,
D'Souza Doris,
MoustaidMoussa Naima
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.721.48
Subject(s) - inflammation , bioenergy , adipokine , proinflammatory cytokine , chemistry , lipopolysaccharide , adipose tissue , food science , pharmacology , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , biochemistry , biofuel , immunology , insulin resistance , insulin
Obesity is a low‐grade inflammatory condition that is associated with several metabolic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. Moreover, bioactive compounds from food and botanicals have been shown to reduce inflammation. However, anti‐inflammatory roles of switchgrass, a bioenergy crop is currently unexplored. Hence, we hypothesize that bioactives from switchgrass may have potential benefits on obesity‐related inflammation by reducing proinflammatory adipokines. Bioactives were isolated from chopped switchgrass using ethanol. To test our hypothesis, 3T3L1 preadipocytes were pretreated with the crude ethanol extracts or extracts fractionated into different organic solvents, followed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to determine if the extracts reduced LPS‐induced inflammation. Interestingly, some of these extracts reduced significantly and in a dose‐dependent manner, secretion of Monocyte Chemotractant Protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) from 3T3‐L1 cells. Furthermore, using MTT assays, some extracts significantly reduced cell viability while others did not. In summary, these findings demonstrate that switchgrass‐derived bioactives reduce adipocyte inflammation and provide the first evidence for an added value of switchgrass in obesity‐related inflammation. Additional studies are needed to characterize the specific phytochemicals responsible for the reduction in inflammation and their mechanism of action. In conclusion, bioenergy crops such as switchgrass are economically viable sources of anti‐inflammatory dietary supplements.