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Differential Effects of Nanoparticle Surface‐Functionalization on the Polarization Profiles of M1 and M2 Macrophages
Author(s) -
Syrovets Tatiana,
Haas Karina,
Loos Cornelia,
Musyanovych Anna,
Mailänder Volker,
Landfester Katharina,
Simmet Thomas
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.716.9
Subject(s) - proinflammatory cytokine , macrophage polarization , phagocytosis , chemistry , macrophage , microbiology and biotechnology , m2 macrophage , cd86 , viability assay , secretion , surface modification , inflammation , biophysics , in vitro , immunology , biology , biochemistry , phenotype , gene
Exposure of macrophages to various cytokines initiates their polarization into either the classical proinflammatory M1 or the alternative anti‐inflammatory M2 phenotype, which promotes wound healing and supports cancer growth. Here, we explored the effects of particle surface functionalization on human M1 and M2 macrophages by using carboxyl‐ (PS‐COOH) and amino‐functionalized (PS‐NH 2 ) polystyrene nanoparticles as model platform. M1 macrophages exhibit high expression of CD86 and release proinflammatory TNF‐α and IL‐1β. By contrast, M2 express CD200R, CD206, and phagocyte efficiently E. coli , and secrete anti‐inflammatory IL‐10. PS‐COOH led to an increase in protein contents and ATP levels without induction of proliferation, and did not compromise the cell viability of both macrophage subsets or the phagocytosis of E. coli by M2 macrophages.By contrast, PS‐NH 2 significantly decreased release of IL‐10 by M2, reduced the ATP contents, impaired E. coli phagocytosis, and viability of both macrophage subsets. When nanoparticles were added to macrophages together with polarization stimuli, PS‐COOH slightly enhanced release of IL‐1β by M1, and significantly inhibited release of IL‐10 by both macrophage subsets. Thus, PS‐COOH might impair the M2 macrophage polarization without affecting phagocytosis. Given the importance of macrophage subsets and their products in health and disease, functionalized nanoparticles may provide a useful tool to reprogram their activation state possibly even for therapeutic purposes. Supported by the DFG, SPP1313.