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Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Confer Protection against Severe Sepsis Induced Hepatic Inflammation and Injury in Sprague Dawley Rats
Author(s) -
Manne Nandini,
Arvapalli Ravikumar,
Nepal Niraj,
Rice Kevin,
Blough Eric
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.620.13
Subject(s) - sepsis , nitrotyrosine , inflammation , reactive oxygen species , immune system , nitric oxide , cerium oxide , immunology , medicine , chemistry , pharmacology , nitric oxide synthase , biochemistry , catalysis
Severe sepsis is a medical emergency that is characterized by high mortality. The acute nature of this disease is characterized by high levels of inflammatory mediators that cause multiple organ damage and death. Despite recent advances in medical care, most of the deaths due to sepsis are related to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced release of inflammatory mediators by host immune system in response to invading pathogens. Current treatment regime is largely supportive in nature and does not focus on the underlying cause. Studies have shown that cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) nanoparticles have the intrinsic ability to scavenge ROS along with anti‐bacterial activity. Based on these unique properties, we hypothesized whether CeO 2 nanoparticles could diminish sepsis‐induced mortality and associated hepatic damage. Male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to a severe septic insult with 600mg/kg of cecal inoculum and treated with 0.5mg/kg of CeO 2 nanoparticles intravenously. Our preliminary data suggests that the CeO 2 nanoparticles improved animal survivability and attenuated hepatic superoxide levels. These changes were also accompanied by decrease in hepatic levels of iNOS and nitrotyrosine along with reduced macrophage infiltration. CeO 2 nanoparticle treatment also attenuated sepsis induced increase in GST‐α and GST‐Mu by 15‐and 19‐fold respectively. Taken together, these data suggest that CeO 2 nanoparticles may be used for the treatment of severe sepsis.