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Phenolic Extracts of Cranberry Positively Modulate Endogenous Antioxidant Defenses and Signalling Pathways Against Oxidative Challenge
Author(s) -
Khoo Christina,
Martin Maria,
Ramos Sonia,
Mateos Raquel,
Bravo Laura,
Marais Johannes,
Goya Luis
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.607.3
Subject(s) - oxidative stress , reactive oxygen species , glutathione , glutathione peroxidase , antioxidant , lipid peroxidation , chemistry , glutathione reductase , malondialdehyde , biochemistry , pharmacology , viability assay , enzyme , cell , biology , superoxide dismutase
Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated cell damage are implicated in various chronic pathologies. Emerging studies show polyphenols may act by increasing endogenous antioxidant defense potential. Cranberry has one of the highest polyphenols content among commonly consumed fruits. In this study, hepato‐protective activity of two cranberry extracts (CP1 and CP2) against oxidative challenge were screened using HepG2 cells, looking at ROS production, intracellular non‐enzymatic and enzymatic defenses by reduced glutathione concentration (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity and lipid peroxidation biomarker malondialdehyde (MDA). Both extracts in basal conditions did not affect cell viability but decreased ROS production and increased GPx activity, conditions that may place the cells in favorable conditions against oxidative stress. Extracts pre‐treatment of HepG2 cells for 20h significantly reduced (tert‐butylhydroperoxide (t‐BOOH)‐induced cell damage compared to untreated cells. Both extracts (5‐50ug/ml) reduced t‐BOOH‐induced increase of MDA by 20 % (CP1) and 25 % (CP2), and significantly reduced increase in GPx and GR. CP2 prevented a reduction in GSH and significantly reduced ROS production. CP1 reverted the t‐BOOH‐induced increase in p‐JNK. This study demonstrates that cranberry polyphenols may help protect liver cells against oxidative insult by modulating GSH concentration, ROS and MDA generation, antioxidant enzymes activity and cell signaling pathways. Funded by Ocean Spray Cranberries.