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Induction of differentiation of small intestinal enterocyte cells by maltooligosaccharides
Author(s) -
Chegeni Mohammad,
Hamaker Bruce
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.596.14
Subject(s) - enterocyte , maltose , chemistry , small intestine , caco 2 , disaccharidase , biochemistry , maltase , sucrase , cell , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , sucrose , enzyme
Maltose and maltooligosaccharides are the primary products from starch digestion by pancreatic α‐ amylase and are major substrates for enterocyte intestinal α‐glucosidases. We have recently shown that maltooligosaccharides act as signal molecules to stimulate the maturation and trafficking of disaccharidases for their subsequent digestion. As this finding is potentially indicative of a maltooligosaccharides sensing ability by enterocytes, it suggests another control glycemic response. It appears also that maltooligosaccharides may signal other events in small intestine enterocytes. Culture‐related conditions (e.g. glucose concentration) have been known to alter physical barrier properties of Caco‐2 cell monolayers, which predominantly affects transepithelial transport of solutes permeating the cell barrier. Transepithelial electrical resistance experiments have been conducted to measure the integrity of monolayer of intestinal epithelial cells in response to maltooligosaccharides. Results showed higher resistance related to reduced permeability in cells treated with maltose. In addition to barrier function of small intestine enterocytes, metabolomics study was conducted using high‐resolution 1 H NMR. Results showed that concentration of metabolite profiles which are known to be as markers for cell differentiation increase in Caco‐2 cells treated with different types of maltooligosaccharides compare to glucose and sucrose. Thus, maltooligosaccharides appear to signal intestinal enterocytes cells to promote faster cell differentiation.