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Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 (LGG) as an Immune Adjuvant for Influenza Vaccination in the Elderly
Author(s) -
SolanoAguilar Gloria,
Molokin Aleksey,
Botelho Christine,
Fiorino AnneMaria,
Vinyard Bryan,
Urban Joseph,
Haverkamp Miriam,
Hibberd Patricia
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.593.13
Subject(s) - vaccination , adjuvant , lactobacillus rhamnosus , medicine , immune system , randomized controlled trial , live attenuated influenza vaccine , placebo , immunology , influenza vaccine , inactivated vaccine , probiotic , biology , alternative medicine , pathology , bacteria , genetics
Annual vaccination against seasonal influenza in the U.S. is recommended for all persons aged 蠅 6 months. A moderate effectiveness for influenza vaccines of approximately 60% has been estimated. Little is known about mechanisms needed to enhance vaccine efficacy against influenza. We investigated the effect of feeding LGG to clinically healthy elderly subjects participating in two separate randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled studies (RCT) where subjects consumed 2 x 10 10 cfu of LGG or placebo for 28 days after vaccination with either Trivalent Inactivated Influenza vaccine (TIV) (n=27), or Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV)(n=30). Transcriptome among treatment groups was compared in each RCT using deep RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) of 500ng of RNA isolated from whole blood of all subjects prior (baseline) during (day 21 and 28), and 28 days after feeding of LGG had ceased (day 56). Differentially expressed genes (DEG) with an absolute fold difference >1.5 were analyzed after data mining using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Enrichment of genes associated with inflammation and production of IFNs were seen in LGG‐treated subjects with LAIV vaccination after 21 and 28 days of continuous LGG treatment. No significant changes were seen after LGG feeding ceased in LAIV vaccinated patients or in any of the subjects given TIV vaccination. Measuring DEG by RNA‐seq can be used to evaluate immune adjuvant properties of LGG with different vaccine preparations.